cyclophosphamide (cp) is extensively used as an antineoplastic agent for treatment of various cancers, as well as an immunosuppressive agent. however, despite its wide spectrum of clinical uses, cp is known to cause several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity in humans and experimental animals. crataegus monogyna is one of the oldest medicinal plant has been shown to be cytoprotecti...

the present investigation was performed to determine the effect of long-term administration of sodium selenite on the biochemical indices and concentration of thyroid hormones in calves. sodium selenite solution was drenched at 0.1 and 0.25 mg per kg body weight for 12 weeks. higher dose produced characteristic symptoms of selenosis whereas mild symptoms were observed with lower dose. the toxic...

It is quite evident that microbial (bacteria or fungi) crude extracts contain several important bioactive compounds and some have already shown their therapeutic activity. Unfortunately, most of the compounds have not properly been evaluated for the exploration of new lead molecule. Moreover, some of the mechanisms of actions of few bioactive compounds have not been identified so far. Hence, ex...

perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) is a widely spread environmental contaminant. it accumulates in the brain and has potential neurotoxin effects. due to chemical properties, pfos shows persistency in the environment and therefore has potential hazardous effect. the risk of possible intra uterine exposure to pfos poses a health concern for developmental effects. the goal of this study was survey o...

background: this study aims to investigate the patterns of bioaccumulation and depuration of copper in the selected kidney and liver of capoeta fusca. methods: the fish were collected between september and november 2010 from a qanat in birjand. they were exposed to two types treatments with copper (0.25 and 0.75 mg/l) for a period of 41 days. the fish under study were exposed to the above-menti...

prohibitins are chaperone proteins highly conserved among eukaryotes. many different functions have been attributed to prohibitins depending on their tissue expression and sub-cellular localization. prohibitins play a major role in mitochondrial physiology, regulating the stability and the processing of both respiratory chain complex subunits and opa1, a mitochondrial fusion regulating protein....

conclusions: the co-administration of saffron aqueous extract and safranal reduced toxic effects of safranal in acute and sub-acute toxicities. background: saffron and its constituents are widely used around the world as a spice and medicinal plant. different constituents in medicinal herbs are thought to have the potential to induce useful and/or adverse effects. so, efforts have been made to ...

background and objectives: the aerial part extracts of eremostachys macrophylla  from labiatae family, which has been traditionally used in wound healing, snake bites, rheumatism and joint pains, were investigated for general toxicity, anti-proliferative, free radical scavenging and anti-bacterial effects.moreover, preliminary phytochemical investigations were carried out on the extracts. metho...

in desert reclamation strainer plants can be used for improvement and decrease pollution of soil and water. this technology can be used to remove both inorganic and organic contaminants in soil. in this study, one year old acacia victoriae seedlings were exposed to pb (no3)2 in 5 different concentrations; 0, 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg pb l-1 for 45 days in two growing seasons. subsequently, the h...

background and aims: although metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are used in different medical applications, they may have considerable toxicity on various cells, such as myocytes. therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of the naked and serum-treated silver nanoparticles (ag nps) and magnesium oxide nanoparticles (mgo nps) on the cardiomyocytes. materials and methods: cardiomyocy...