Cells sense the rigidity of their substrate; however, little is known about the physical variables that determine their response to this rigidity. Here, we report traction stress measurements carried out using fibroblasts on polyacrylamide gels with Young's moduli ranging from 6 to 110 kPa. We prepared the substrates by employing a modified method that involves N-acryloyl-6-aminocaproic acid (A...

Abstract The equations of motion governing small elastic oscillations materials, induced by gravitational waves, are derived from the general framework Carter and Quintana. In transverse-traceless gauge, no bulk forces present, wave is found to act as an effective surface traction. For thin rods, equivalent description given, in which there traction, but a acceleration, related Riemann curvatur...

purpose: to describe the association between optic disc traction and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (naion). methods: eighty three eyes of 83 patients with naion were evaluated by optical coherence tomography (oct) for detecting vitreous adhesion to the optic nerve head with separation from adjacent retina (partial posterior vitreous detachment). those who were negative for su...

A method is developed for simulating the film flow of a suspension of rigid particles with arbitrary shapes down an inclined plane in the limit of vanishing Reynolds number. The problem is formulated in terms of a system of integral equations of the first and second kind for the free-surface velocity and the traction distribution along the particle surfaces involving the a priori unknown partic...

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), with their high power density, efficiency, and thermal stability, are widely used nowadays. PMSM magnets composed of rare earth elements. However, elements subject to severe price fluctuations because limited availability the monopoly some countries. Therefore, extensive research on devoid has been conducted recently. Although a irreversible demagnet...

Ca2+ ions have long been implicated in regulating various aspects of cell movements. We found that stretching forces applied through flexible substrata induced increases in both intracellular Ca2+ concentration and traction forces of NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Conversely, application of gadolinium, an inhibitor of stretch-activated ion channels, or removal of extracellular free Ca2+ caused inhibition ...

In this article, a version of the frequency-domain elastodynamic Fast Multipole-Boundary Element Method (FM-BEM) for semi-infinite media, based on the half-space Green’s tensor (and hence avoiding any discretization of the planar traction-free surface), is presented. The half-space Green’s tensor is often used (in non-multipole form until now) for computing elastic wave propagation in the conte...

• Beading of soft tubes under surface tension is studied as a localization problem. Bifurcation conditions are presented for general strain-energy function. Further insight into the post-bifurcation behaviour provided. Theoretical predictions verified by numerical simulations. We investigate localised bulging or necking in an incompressible, hyperelastic cylindrical tube axial stretching and te...