A review of modern economic literature shows the lack consensus on relationship between trade openness policy and growth countries. There is also an opinion that in emerging resource-rich countries presents more opportunities for development. Is this true, under what conditions does lead to growth? Exploring nature purpose paper. Therefore, economy Azerbaijan, rich hydrocarbon resources, has be...

We propose a novel approach to the study of international trade based on theory country integration that embodies broad systemic viewpoint relationship between and growth. Our model leads an indicator openness measures country's level through full architecture its connections in network. apply our methodology sample 204 countries find sizable significant positive measure growth rate, while trad...

The intensively debated issue of whether trade globalization leads to a race (climb) the bottom (top) such that environmental policy stringency is loosened (strengthened) still far from being uncontroversial. This paper provides new empirical evidence standpoint North (advanced) countries using both generalized methods moment (GMM) and GMM quantile estimators for dynamic panel data models. It f...