Abstract: Local flux may be distorted in many regions of core, although total flux is usually sinusoidal. When attempting to predict the loss distribution in materials operating under localized distorted flux conditions, which occur in machines and transformer cores, it is essential that proper account of the waveform be taken. Moreover for development of new magnetic materials and generation ...

Generation, transmission and distribution of electric energy are to be characterized by a very high degree of reliability. Reliability level is directly related to the quality of the equipment used and the periodic maintenance carried out on the system. In our country, the distribution system is the most neglected part, which is being given some importance only in the recent years. Distribution...

Transformer is a soul of both transmission and distribution systems. It performs low voltage to high voltage conversion in transmission lines and similarly high voltage to low voltage conversion in distribution lines. The operation of transformer is decided by the cooling provided to the system. The efficient cooling method is achieved by the use of forced (or) natural oil cooling medium. The o...

Abstract—Reducing the weight of transformers while providing good performance, cost reduction and increased efficiency is important. Weight is one of the most significant factors in all electrical machines, and as such, many transformer design parameters are related to weight calculations. This study presents a comparison of the weight of oil type transformers and dry type transformer weight. O...

One of transient phenomenon that causes the mal-operation of the power transformer differential protection during the energization of a loaded power transformer is the ultra-saturation phenomenon. In this paper, a new model for investigating the ultra-saturation phenomenon during the energization of a loaded power transformer is presented and its effect on the differential protection of the pow...

Marina A. Tsili, Eleftherios I. Amoiralis, Antonios G. Kladas and Athanassios T. Souflaris 1 Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR-15780, Athens, Greece (e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]) 2 Department of Production Engineering and Management, Technical University of Crete, 73100, Greece, (email: [email protected]) 3 Schneide...

This paper describes 3-GHz and 7-GHz tunableinductance LC-tank voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS technology. Unlike the traditional tuning method by a varactor, a tunable inductor is employed in the VCO by using a transformer to compensate for the energy loss. The VCO facilitates the tuning frequency and low noise of the output signals, together with a variable i...

Since independence in India there has always been shortage of electricity and at no point of time we have been able to meet the peak demand. The gap between the demand and generation can be bridged/ minimized by either improving the installed capacity or reducing the consumer demand. The gap between availability & demand is of order 6% as on date. If we take into account the issues like environ...

Using abstract interpretation, invariants are usually obtained by solving iteratively a system of equations linking preconditions according to program statements. However, it is also possible to abstract first the statements as transformers, and then propagate the preconditions using the transformers. The second approach is modular because procedures and loops can be abstracted once and for all...