objective(s):recent evidence have proposed that tretinoin produced in the gut preferentially promote differentiation of foxp3+treg cells but inhibits th17 lymphocytes, and this may be the main immunomdulatory mechanism of tretinoin  in vivo. this study was done to investigate the effects of tretinoin in outbred white mice after challenge with sheep red blood cells (srbc). materials and methods:...

BACKGROUND Migration of T cells, including regulatory T (Treg) cells, into the secondary lymph organs is critically controlled by chemokines and adhesion molecules. However, the mechanisms by which Treg cells regulate organ-specific autoimmunity via these molecules remain unclear. Although we previously reported autoimmune exocrinopathy resembling Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in the lacrimal and sal...

BACKGROUND Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in the maintenance of immune system homeostasis. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder frequently associated with impaired immune cell numbers and functions. METHODS We analyzed Treg cells in peripheral blood (n = 207) and bone marrow (n = 202) of pre-malignant and malignant MM patients using flow cytometry. Treg cells and ...

Successful intrauterine hematopoietic cell transplantation (IUT) for congenital hemoglobinopathies is hampered by maternal alloresponsiveness. We investigate these interactions in semi-allogenic murine IUT. E14 fetuses (B6 females × BALB/c males) were each treated with 5E+6 (B6) or paternal (BALB/c) bone marrow cells and serially monitored chimerism (>1% engraftment), trafficked immune cells, r...

Maintaining immune tolerance requires the production of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T (Treg) cells in the thymus. Activation of NF-κB transcription factors is critically required for Treg cell development, partly via initiating Foxp3 expression. NF-κB activation is controlled by a negative feedback regulation through the ubiquitin editing enzyme A20, which reduces proinflammatory signaling in m...

Human prostate cancer frequently metastasizes to bone marrow. What defines the cellular and molecular predilection for prostate cancer to metastasize to bone marrow is not well understood. CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells contribute to self-tolerance and tumor immune pathology. We now show that functional Treg cells are increased in the bone marrow microenvironment in prostate cancer pat...

sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder of unidentified etiology, with a heterogeneous clinical presentation. it is characterized by a reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculin and common antigens. the balance between th1, th17 and regulatory t(treg) cells controls t-cell proliferation and activation.the th17/treg ratio in the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid...

BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy frequently associated with impaired immune cell numbers and functions. In MM, several studies have previously shown that CD4 regulatory T (Treg) cells hamper effector T cell functions and enhance immune dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to prove the presence of functionally suppressive Treg cells expressing CD8 phenotype (CD8 Treg ...

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperplasia of keratinocytes and immune cell infiltration. The IL-17-producing T cells play key role in psoriasis pathogenesis, while regulatory (Treg) are diminished during psoriatic inflammation. Current treatments largely focus on IL-17 IL-23, however, few studies have explored therapeutic drugs targeting an increase Treg to c...

CD4(+) T cells are commonly divided into regulatory T (Treg) cells and conventional T helper (Th) cells. Th cells control adaptive immunity against pathogens and cancer by activating other effector immune cells. Treg cells are defined as CD4(+) T cells in charge of suppressing potentially deleterious activities of Th cells. This review briefly summarizes the current knowledge in the Treg field ...