Tretinoin is the most effective available topical comedolytic agent, but topical application may lead to erythema, peeling and burning of the skin. During the past few decades many reports have documented an emergence of antibiotic resistance by Propionibacterium acnes during treatment of acne. Furthermore, systemic antimicrobials used in the treatment of acne have been causally associated with...

Acne is a common disorder with a high prevalence among adolescents. Acne can cause atrophic scars that are a very unpleasant marker and it may have a negative psychological impact on social life and relationships. The distress generated by acne scars is sometimes very strong among adolescents. General dermatologists have, often, the key role to evaluate atrophic scars and to suggest different t...

Disorders of hyperpigmentation are difficult to treat, particularly in dark-skinned individuals. The goal is to reduce the hyperpigmentation without causing undesirable hypopigmentation or irritation in the surrounding normally pigmented skin. The psychosocial impact caused by these disorders must be considered. Although there are many effective therapeutic modalities available, there are poten...

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica, or Bazex syndrome, is one of the paraneoplastic syndromes. The characteristic skin lesions include palmoplantar keratoderma, psoriasiform skin lesions, hyperpigmentation, and nail dystrophy. The most common associated neoplasms are squamous cell carcinoma of the upper respiratory tract and other kinds of tumors with cervical lymph node metastasis. A 63-year-old wo...

Many properties of chemicals depend on their stereochemistry. Among these, the effects of stereoisomerism on percutaneous absorption of drugs are not well studied. We have previously shown that permeation of tretinoin and isotretinoin (two geometric isomers) through hydrophilic enhancers-treated rat skin is stereoselective. As, depending on their lipophilicity, penetration enhancers can change ...

Many properties of chemicals depend on their stereochemistry. Among these, the effects of stereoisomerism on percutaneous absorption of drugs are not well studied. We have previously shown that permeation of tretinoin and isotretinoin (two geometric isomers) through hydrophilic enhancers-treated rat skin is stereoselective. As, depending on their lipophilicity, penetration enhancers can change ...