Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a colourless liquid with a mild ethereal odour. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It can dissolve many types of plastics-for instance, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethanes, epoxy compounds, and cellulosics-and a wide range of organic products. Its use is growing steadily. Its main applications include glues, paints, varnishes, inks, and wetting and dispe...

A polymorphism for the phase I drug-metabolizing enzyme, flavincontaining monooxygenase isoform 2 (FMO2), encoding either truncated inactive protein, FMO2X472 (FMO2.2A), or full-length active enzyme, FMO2Q472 (FMO2.1), is known and exhibits significant interethnic differences in allelic frequency. FMO2 is the major or sole FMO isoform expressed in the lung of most mammals, including nonhuman pr...

A polymorphism for the phase I drug-metabolizing enzyme, flavincontaining monooxygenase isoform 2 (FMO2), encoding either truncated inactive protein, FMO2X472 (FMO2.2A), or full-length active enzyme, FMO2Q472 (FMO2.1), is known and exhibits significant interethnic differences in allelic frequency. FMO2 is the major or sole FMO isoform expressed in the lung of most mammals, including nonhuman pr...

Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) enzymes catalyze oxidation at nucleophilic, heteroatom centers and are important for drug, xenobiotic, and endogenous substrate metabolism. In human liver, human FMO3 (hFMO3) is the most abundant FMO isoform and is known to contribute to the hepatic clearance of a variety of clinical drugs. The purpose of the current study was to express and compa...

Microbial metabolism of carnitine to trimethylamine (TMA) in the gut can accelerate atherosclerosis and heart disease, these TMA-producing enzymes are therefore important drug targets. Here, we report first structures oxygenase CntA, an enzyme Rieske family. CntA exists a head-to-tail ?3 trimeric structure. The two functional domains (the catalytic mononuclear iron domains) located >40 Å apart ...

Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) enzymes catalyze oxidation at nucleophilic, heteroatom centers and are important for drug, xenobiotic, and endogenous substrate metabolism. In human liver, human FMO3 (hFMO3) is the most abundant FMO isoform and is known to contribute to the hepatic clearance of a variety of clinical drugs. The purpose of the current study was to express and compa...

Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) enzymes catalyze oxidation at nucleophilic, heteroatom centers and are important for drug, xenobiotic, and endogenous substrate metabolism. In human liver, human FMO3 (hFMO3) is the most abundant FMO isoform and is known to contribute to the hepatic clearance of a variety of clinical drugs. The purpose of the current study was to express and compa...

Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) enzymes catalyze oxidation at nucleophilic, heteroatom centers and are important for drug, xenobiotic, and endogenous substrate metabolism. In human liver, human FMO3 (hFMO3) is the most abundant FMO isoform and is known to contribute to the hepatic clearance of a variety of clinical drugs. The purpose of the current study was to express and compa...

An increasing amount of evidence reveals that the gut microbiota is involved in pathogenesis and progression various cardiovascular diseases. In patients with heart failure (HF), splanchnic hypoperfusion causes ischemia intestinal edema, allowing bacterial translocation metabolites to enter blood circulation via an impaired barrier. This results local systemic inflammatory responses. Gut microb...

A full-length dog (beagle) flavin-containing monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) cDNA (dFMO1) was obtained from liver by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The amino acid sequence of dFMO1 was 89% homologous to human FMO1. Using a baculovirus expression system in Sf-9 insect cells, dFMO1 was expressed to protein levels of 0.4 nmol/mg, as determined by immunoquantitation. The flavin content of ...