Objective(s): Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic agent; its clinical utility, however, is limited by a few salient toxic side effects like nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to determine the potential protective effects of tangeretin, a citrus-derived flavonoid, against renal tubular cell injury in cisplatin-induced renal toxicity of rats.Materials and Methods: Tangeretin was injected intra...

The ischemically injured kidney undergoes tubular cell necrosis and apoptosis, accompanied by an interstitial inflammatory cell infiltrate. In this study, we show that iNos-positive proinflammatory (M1) macrophages are recruited into the kidney in the first 48 hours after ischemia/reperfusion injury, whereas arginase 1- and mannose receptor-positive, noninflammatory (M2) macrophages predominate...

HIGHLIGHTS Ischemia-reperfusion triggers acute kidney injury due to reactive oxygen species. Quercetin is an antioxidant flavonoid that modulate the Rennin-Angiotensin System. prevents tubular cell death, oxidation, and mitochondrial depolarization. interacts with angiotensin AT1 receptor.

The mechanism of mitochondrial damage, a key contributor to renal tubular cell death during acute kidney injury, remains largely unknown. Here, we have demonstrated a striking morphological change of mitochondria in experimental models of renal ischemia/reperfusion and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. This change contributed to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, release of apoptoge...

The burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during reperfusion of ischemic tissues can trigger the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore, resulting in mitochondrial depolarization, decreased ATP synthesis, and increased ROS production. Rapid recovery of ATP upon reperfusion is essential for survival of tubular cells, and inhibition of oxidative damage can limit inflamma...

To investigate the injury effects of organic solvents on kidney, an animal model of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with mixed organic solvents via inhalation was generated and characterized. The mixed organic solvents consisted of gasoline, dimethylbenzene and formaldehyde (GDF) in the ratio of 2:2:1, and were used at 12,000 PPM to treat the rats twice a day, each for 3 hours. Proteinuria app...

Immune destruction of the graft renal tubules is an important barrier to the long-term function of clinical renal allografts, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. CD103-an integrin conferring specificity for the epithelial cell-restricted ligand, E-cadherin-defines a subset of CD8 effectors that infiltrate the graft tubular epithelium during clinical rejection episodes, predicting a ca...

TLRs are conserved pattern recognition receptors that detect motifs of pathogens and host material released during injury. For unknown reasons, renal TLR2 mRNA is mainly expressed by tubular cells and is enhanced upon renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We evaluated the role of TLR2 in I/R injury using TLR2-/- and TLR2+/+ mice, TLR2 antisense oligonucleotides, and chimeric mice deficient i...

Most chronic kidney disease in infants and children results from congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract, including obstructive nephropathy. Although less common, inherited disorders such as polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and cystinosis also lead to progressive tubular injury and nephron loss. At the present time, therapies to slow progression of kidney disease are mainly directe...

Renal injury due to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is the major cause of acute kidney injury. Whether enhanced susceptibility to renal injury due to I/R can be programmed during fetal life is unknown. Epidemiological studies indicate that low birth weight (LBW) individuals are more susceptible to renal injury than normal birth weight (NBW) individuals. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the hy...