This original article contains the authors own data on homeostasis of angiogenic growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor - VEGF, angiopoietin 1 and 2 - Ang-1, Ang-2) in diabetic kidney disease. The aims of study were evaluation of alteration on serum concentration of circulating VEGF, Ang-l and Ang-2, and of their association with markers of renal damage (albuminuria, glomerular filt...

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus that characterized by insulin resistance and it is a risk of many diseases the impact genetic factors on well documented. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been linked to T2DM. In this study, we analyzed relation between TaqI ApaI VDR T2DM subjects using PCR-RFLP method in Kurdish patients.

Background: Evidence suggests that mobile phone health (mHealth) programs may improve healthy behaviours and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, data on mHealth dietary behaviour is scarce low-and-middle-income countries. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a text messaging program habits T2DM.

The liver plays a vital role in the regulation of glucose levels physiological and pathological states such as diabetes mellitus (DM). In type-2 DM (T2DM), insulin resistance causes hyperglycaemia further distortion metabolism.

background osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease are common conditions in older adults, and often occur concurrently. bone disease is caused by increased bone turnover accompanying secondary hyperparathyroidism, and by factors such as bone metabolic disorder accompanying kidney disease and postmenopausal or age-related osteoporosis, even in hemodialysis patients. raloxifene is commonly used f...

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition characterized by high levels of blood glucose. In the United Kingdom (UK), about 7 million people are affected with Impaired Glucose Regulation (IGR) otherwise called prediabetes. T2DM is preventable in those at risk of developing the condition and early detection of T2DM can reduce diabetes related complications. Risk scores are a non-inva...

The objective was to estimate the economic costs of diagnosed type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus in the United States in 2007. Medical claims were analyzed to estimate the proportion of diagnosed diabetes cases and excess medical costs by diabetes type. Indirect costs associated with T1DM and T2DM were estimated by using findings from the literature on diagnosed diabetes, as well...