OBJECTIVES This study sought to investigate numerous reports emanating from Punta Arenas, Chile (population 110,000, latitude 53 degrees S), that associated acute ocular and dermatologic disease in humans and animals with excess ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure in the setting of the thinning of the ozone column. METHODS Ophthalmologic and dermatologic records in Punta Arenas were systematically ...

Two-photon excitation of a single-photon forbidden Auger resonance has been observed and investigated using the intense extreme ultraviolet radiation from the free electron laser in Hamburg. At the wavelength 26.9 nm (46 eV) two photons promoted a 3d core electron to the outer 4d shell. The subsequent Auger decay, as well as several nonlinear above threshold ionization processes, were studied b...

We demonstrate a method using photoactivation localization microscopy (PALM) in a soft-material system, with a rhodamine-lactam dye that is activated by both ultraviolet light and protonation, to reveal the nanoscale photoacid distribution in a model photoresist. Chemically amplified resists are the principal lithographic materials used in the semiconductor industry. The photoacid distribution ...

Partially collective Thomson scattering measurements have been performed on a triggered vacuum arc in tin vapor, which is a candidate source of extreme ultraviolet light for application in semiconductor lithography. In this paper, results on the electron densities and temperatures are presented for the prepinch phase of the discharge. Electron densities and temperatures increase from 1 x 10(23)...

Predicting where species invasions will occur remains a substantial challenge in ecology, but identifying factors that ultimately constrain the distribution of potential invaders could facilitate successful prediction. Whereas ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is recognized as an important factor controlling species distribution and community composition, the role of UVR in a habitat invasibility con...

BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been shown to survive on ambient surfaces for extended periods of time. Leftover MRSA environmental contamination in a hospital room places future patients at risk. Manual disinfection supplemented by pulsed xenon ultraviolet (PX-UV) light disinfection has been shown to greatly decrease the MRSA bioburden in hospital rooms. Howev...

1. Proteins, when added to activators (sodium oleate. Aerosol) of protyrosinase, greatly decrease the degree of activation. 2. Certain proteins adsorbed on activator micelles are markedly affected by temperature and are rendered more sensitive by ultraviolet light. 3. Ideas are expressed as to the possible nature of activating and inhibiting phenomena especially as they relate to the enzyme tyr...

Animal egg coloration has long provided a valuable testing ground for evolutionary ideas. A new study shows that female stink bugs can flexibly control the colour of their eggs depending on the prevailing conditions, including for protection from ultraviolet light.

We report the modulation and relaxation characteristics in the two-dimensional electron gas system at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterointerface induced by the ultraviolet light illumination (365 nm). The suppression of Kondo effect at the interface illuminated by the light originates from the light irradiation-induced decoherence effect of localized states. It is interesting to note that the persistent and...