The popular view of navigation is that it is a conscious, goal directed activity i n which someone is trying to reach a destination. Such a view of navigation i s essentially individualistic, objectivist and cognitive. Just as Lynch's aim i n trying to specify the basic, discrete units of (urban) space have had a significant impact on urban planning and design, so the metaphorical use of the co...

A decade ago, a national conference of macroeconomic educators called for fundamental reform in the teaching of intermediate macroeconomics, urging instructors to employ a single analytic framework rather than ‘responding to the fragmentation of macroeconomics by teaching a separate model for each school of thought’ (Erekson, Raynold and Salemi, 1996; Salemi and Siegfried, 1999). This paper des...

This paper examines mortgage lending and concludes that studies based on data created by the Boston Fed should be reevaluated. A detailed examination of these data indicates that irregularities in these data, when combined with the most commonly used research methodology, appear to have biased previous research toward a finding of discrimination against minority applicants. When the most severe...

Technological advances and increased utilization of medical testing and procedures have prompted greater attention to ensuring the patient safety of radiation use in the practice of adult cardiovascular medicine. In response, representatives from cardiovascular imaging societies, private payers, government and nongovernmental agencies, industry, medical physicists, and patient representatives m...

In this paper, we deal with the complex relationship connecting inequality to innovation, and the ways through which public investment, in particular public participation to R&D initiatives, can affect it. We first stress that various different equilibria may exist in the inequality-innovation space. The positive relation that part of the economic theory often assumes to exist between (initiall...

State-based and process-based formalisms each come with their own distinct set of assumptions and properties. To combine them in a useful way it is important to be sure of these assumptions in order that the formalisms are combined in ways which have, or which allow, the intended combined properties. Consequently we cannot necessarily expect to take one state-based formalism and one processbase...

Can we use randomized field experiments to understand if and how persuasion efforts by campaigns work? To answer this question, we analyze a field experiment conducted during the 2008 presidential election in which 56,000 registered voters were assigned to persuasion in person, by phone, and/or by mail. We find persuasive appeals by canvassers had two unintended consequences. First, they reduce...

Sales force can be directly linked to revenue generation capabilities of almost all commercial enterprises. It is amazing to note how successful salespeople are effective in adapting their selling approaches specific to the selling situations. In industrial markets where products are approaching commoditization, salespeople play a crucial role in architecting value propositions that resonate wi...

Limitations: No screening studies that compared a screened population with a nonscreened population were found. Significant heterogeneity was found among the high-risk treatment trials (P 0.001). It is not clear from the detailed description of the studies which factors explain the differences in preterm delivery rates and potentially the association of treatment effect; however, both raise con...