The 2-part Education News column, “Upgrading nurse anesthesia educational requirements (1933-2006)” by Betty Horton, CRNA, PhD, was very timely and informative.1,2 Dr Horton succinctly chronicled the historical development of our educational standards and how the consistent elevation of those standards reflects a sustained commitment to excellence. Over the past 2 years, I have practiced anesth...

1 Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America, 2 Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America, 3 Partners in Health-Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda, 4 Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 6 Division of ...

1 School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America, 2 European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3 Department of Biological Sciences and Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of Am...

1 Brigham and Woman’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, 3 University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, 4 Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinoi...

1 Human Development Network, World Bank, Washington, D.C., United States of America, 2 Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, 4 Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 5 Center of Evaluat...

1 School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 2 Universities Allied for Essential Medicines (UAEM), Berkeley, California, United States of America, 3 Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, 4 Berkeley Law School, University of California, Berkeley, California...

1 Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America 7 8 2 Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Genetics, Perelman 9 School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States 10 of America 11 12 3 Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America 13 14 #a Current Address: Neon Therapeutic...

1 Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 2 ClinicalTrials.gov, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 3 Department of Clinical Bioethics, Warren G. Magnusen Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Mar...

1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America, 3 Department of Biology, and Evolutionary Ecology Laboratories, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America, 4 Department of Microbiology and Mol...