In this paper a methodology and results of semi-automatic city DSM extraction from an Ikonos triplet, is introduced. Built-up areas are known as being complex for photogrammetric purposes, mainly because of the steep changes in elevation caused by buildings and urban features. To make surface model extraction more robust and to cope with the specific problems of height displacement, concealed a...

Peri-urban ecosystems are often managed as recreation areas or to enhance aesthetic value on the urban fringe. Scholars and land-use practitioners lack a current understanding of the supply of and the demands for these peri-urban ecosystem services (ES). In this study, we analysed the perceptions of 500 users and interest groups regarding the ES provided by the Bilbao Metropolitan Greenbelt (BM...

The distinction among urban, periurban and rural areas represents a classical example of uncertainty in land classification. Satellite images, geostatistical analysis and all kinds of spatial data are very useful in urban sprawl studies, but it is important to define precise rules in combining great amounts of data to build complex knowledge about territory. Rough Set theory may be a useful met...

To study the effects of growth management efforts on urban fringe areas in Washington State’s Puget Sound region, USA, this study documents and quantifies transformations in land cover and land-use from 1974 to 1998 for a 474 km2 study area east of Seattle. Geo-referenced aerial photographs (orthophotos) were digitized, then classified, to compare patch patterns (clustered versus dispersed vege...

This research investigates multitemporal dual-orbit RADARSAT-2 polarimetric SAR data for urban land cover classification using an object-based support vector machine (SVM). Sixdate RADARSAT-2 high-resolution SAR data in both ascending and descending orbits were acquired in the rural-urban fringe of the Greater Toronto Area during the summer of 2008. The major landuse/land-cover classes include ...

The spatial deconcentration of population during the 20th century and the resulting expansion of human settlements has been a significant cause of anthropogenic landscape change in the United States and many other countries. In the seven-state North Central Region, as in other regions of the US, changing human settlement patterns are most prominent at the outlying fringe of metropolitan areas a...

Fringe benefits compensation offered by employers has grown rapidly over the past 50 years. Research in this area has been primarily limited to hourly and salaried employees. This study examines employer-based fringe benefits compensation of real estate agents and brokers. A model is developed that jointly estimates the income, hours worked, and fringe benefits compensation. The findings indica...

Existing digital fringe projection (DFP) systems mainly use either horizontal or vertical fringe patterns for three-dimensional shape measurement. This paper reveals that these two fringe directions are usually not optimal where the phase change is the largest to a given depth variation. We propose a novel and efficient method to determine the optimal fringe angle by projecting a set of horizon...

In Mangan's (2001) account of fringe consciousness there is a tension between the proposal that fringe feelings are often difficult to attend and evidence that detailed introspections of such feelings are sometimes possible. This tension might be resolved if we distinguish between two different components of attention. The ability to direct attention to fringe feelings is needed to fulfill frin...

Land-use changes in urban fringe areas are dramatic, and modelling predicting land-use under different scenarios can provide a basis for development regulation control. As an important part of Beijing’s fringe, Daxing District is representative its changes. Taking the Beijing as example, this study selected two periods data 2008 2018 predicted 2028 2038 using GeoSOS-FLUS model (geographical sim...