Exercise is recommended for the management of type 2 diabetes, but its effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN) are still unknown. We hypothesized that appropriate exercise improves early DN via attenuation of inflammation and oxidative damage. Type 2 diabetic KK-A(y) mice, a spontaneous DN model, underwent two different kinds of exercise (i.e., moderate and low intensity). Sedentary mice or those ...

Previous studies by our group have shown that albumin is metabolized in rodents during renal passage and excreted in the urine as a mixture of intact protein and albumin-derived fragments. The aim of this study was to examine whether albumin is metabolized during renal passage in nondiabetic volunteers and in type 1 diabetic patients with varying levels of albuminuria. Nine nondiabetic normoalb...

A few findings which seem to be of importance may be pointed out:- Table I shows the analytical figures of serum-albumin, serum-globulin, and fibrin of the normal dog. The main difference between albumin and globulin appears in the relation of the precipitable to the non-precipitable total nitrogen and amino-nitrogen. Precipitable total nitrogen as well as amino-nitrogen is considerably larger ...