small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (sccub) is an extremely rare bladder malignancy characterized by an aggressive clinical behavior. so, it is important to diagnose this high grade disease by urinary cytology. we report a case of sccub in an old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) in remission, while bladder tumor was diagnosed by cytology. with this article, we aimed to review...

The role of radiotherapy (RT) in the treatment of urinary bladder cancer has undergone several modifications along the last decades. In the beginning, definitive RT was used as treatment in an attempt to preserve the urinary bladder; however, the results were poor compared to those of radical surgery. Recently, many protocols have been developed supporting the use of multi-modality therapy, and...

BACKGROUND Cancers of the urinary bladder are the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy in the United States. Early clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer remains a major challenge, and the development of noninvasive methods for detection and surveillance is desirable for both patients and health care providers. APPROACH To identify urinary proteins with potential clinical utility, we enrich...

One of the rarest tumors involving the urinary bladder is the pheochromocytoma. A case of pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder in a young female suffering from headache and cystitis for many years is reported. Twenty-four hour urine VMA was normal. The patient was never hypertensive except during surgical manipulation of the tumor. Biopsy of the bladder resulted in massive hemorrhage.

Isothiocyanates are a well-known class of cancer chemopreventive agents, and broccoli sprouts are a rich source of several isothiocyanates. We report herein that dietary administration to rats of a freeze-dried aqueous extract of broccoli sprouts significantly and dose-dependently inhibited bladder cancer development induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine. The incidence, multiplicity...

The incidence of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (bladder cancer) remains high. While other solid organ malignancies have seen significant improvement in morbidity and mortality, there has been little change in bladder cancer mortality in the past few decades. The mortality is mainly driven by muscle invasive bladder cancer, but the cancer burden remains high even in nonmuscle invas...

The most common cause of bladder reconstruction is radical cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer. Currently, bowel segments remains, the most widely used in reconstruction of urinary tract. Using of bowel as a "material" for bladder reconstruction is associated with numerous complications. Tissue engineering methods provide opportunities to construct bladder tissue in vitro from autologous cel...

PURPOSE The early diagnosis of bladder cancer is central to its effective treatment. This study was designed to determine the clinical use of NMP22 as a urinary marker for the early detection of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in patients with hematuria or other indications at risk for malignancy. The sensitivity and specificity of the NMP22 test were compared with urinary cytology, ...

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common urinary system malignancy worldwide. However, molecular mechanisms underlying its progression remain largely unexplored. Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), major constituents of tumor stroma, play a key role in development. Herein, we have successfully isolated CAFs and paired normal (NFs) from bladder tissues. We ob...

PURPOSE While detecting bladder cancer, bladder tumor markers demonstrate improved sensitivity compared with urinary cytology but the current limitation is the low specificity and positive predictive value, that is high false-positive rate. We examined the clinical categories of the false-positive results, established relative exclusion criteria, and recalculated the specificity and positive pr...