BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Studies of patients with benign pathologic lesions who underwent laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with preoperative suspicion of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma are lacking. The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to evaluate the incidence of benign pathologic lesions on laparoscopic RNU for upper urinary tract tumors that are pres...

The recently published 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs stems from the accumulated knowledge and data collected during the last 12 years, since the previous edition of the WHO “blue book” 2004. The major changes in prostate pathology include the introduction of a novel grading system for prostate cancer (Grade Groups/Int...

BACKGROUND Currently, there is no standard salvage regimen after the failure of cisplatin-based chemotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma. The combination of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan was originally designed for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Until now, there have been no reports using this combination therapy i...

Our expanding knowledge of immunotherapy for solid tumors has led to an explosion of clinical trials aimed at urothelial carcinoma. The primary strategy is centered on unleashing the immune system by releasing the inhibitory signals propagated by programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1). Many antibody constructs have been developed to block these inte...

An 83-year-old man presented to hospital with gross hematuria. His medical history was remarkable for remote open left pyelolithotomy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and cerebrovascular accident for which he took aspirin-dipyridamole. Urine cytology was negative for malignant cells. Renal ultrasound showed a lobulated, hypoechoic lesion c...

Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in childhood is extremely rare. We report on a 12-year-old girl with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder who presented with gross hematuria. Immunohistochemical staining showed normal levels of cytokeratin 20 expression and decreased levels of Ki67 and p53 expression. Human papillomavirus, which can be a cause of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, was not d...

BACKGROUND Ossifying metaplasia is an unusual feature of urothelial carcinoma, with only a few cases reported. The largest series included 17 cases and was published in 1991. The mechanism of ossification is unknown and hypotheses of osteogenic precursor cells, inducing bone formation, are proposed. CASE PRESENTATION A 75 year-old patient was treated for a high grade transitional cell carcino...

INTRODUCTION Current grading system in application by WHO/ISUP divides urothelial malignancies in low and high grade by morphologic criteria while strict segregation may become cumbersome in limited tissue specimens. As grading these carcinomas are of utmost prognostic significance after depth of invasion, therefore we evaluated the role of immunohistochemical expression of p53 and cytokeratin ...

Urothelial carcinoma is a common malignant neoplasm that has a poor prognosis and a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis. Constant disease surveillance with periodic and long term cystoscopy examination is necessary for management of the disease. However, the monitoring and therapy regimen is expensive, incurring a massive burden to patients and the government. Therefore, the development...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the expression profile variation of lncRNAs in normal urinary bladder tissue and urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder through microarray technology. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified and classified, and their biological information was analyzed. The data obtained in the study will prove helpful for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urothe...