A theory of edge detection is presented. The analysis proceeds in two parts. (1) Intensity changes, which occur in a natural image over a wide range of scales, are detected separately at different scales. An appropriate filter for this purpose a t a given scale is found to be the second derivative of a Gaussian, and it is shown that, provided some simple conditions are satisfied, these primary ...

Main challenges within the energy system of tomorrow are more volatile, less controllable and at the same time more decentralized electricity generation. Furthermore, the increasing research and development activities on electric vehicles (EV) make a significant share of electric vehicles within the passenger car fleet in 2030 more and more likely. This will lead to a further increase of power ...

Large-scale sustainable energy systems will be necessary for substantial reduction of CO2. However, large-scale implementation faces two major problems: (1) we must replace oil in the transportation sector, and (2) since today’s inexpensive and abundant renewable energy resources have fluctuating output, to increase the fraction of electricity from them, we must learn to maintain a balance betw...

In the work, a battery model is developed based on experiments performed lithium ion cells to estimate degradation that will undergo, given its usage profile. This used perform case study evaluate profits an ancillary service provider may expect if they use fleet of electric vehicles (EVs) provide different services electricity market. The computed in EVs presence and absence provision this add...

A shared autonomous electric vehicle (SAEV) fleet and the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) strategy both have great potential to reduce GHG emissions. As these concepts complementary value, they are even more promising combined. However, best of our knowledge, no research has yet been conducted on locating charging infrastructure for SAEVs with V2G feasibility. For this construction, challenge lies in fac...

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) has been identified as a key technology to help reduce carbon emissions from the transport and energy sectors. However, benefits of this are best achieved when multiple variables considered in process charging discharging an electric vehicle. These include vehicle behaviour, building demand, renewable generation, grid intensity. It is expected that transition mobility will...

The dynamic modelling of a solar energy system with vehicle to home (V2H) and grid (V2G) options for Newfoundland conditions is discussed in this paper. A site (13 Polina Road) was chosen St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. An optimized built the using BEopt, Homer, MATLAB software’s meet house's demand. Furthermore, smart current sensors installed house are used incorporate V2H V2G concepts. Nis...

A key factor in limiting global warming is the conversion of conventional electricity generation to renewable energy sources. However, a major obstacle that and demand often do not coincide time, must therefore be stored temporarily. Vehicle grid (V2G) can used store excess battery electric vehicles (BEVs) feed it back into when needed. For effective V2G operation, may have expanded, as needs t...