BACKGROUND Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been applied as a biodegradable antibiotic carrier in osteomyelitis. However, the drug delivery, antibacterial efficacy, and degradation rate of CPC are insufficient and require further improvement in clinical application. MATERIAL AND METHODS Vancomycin-loaded CPC columns were prepared, and eluted in simulated body fluid. The drug delivery was asse...

Vancomycin resistance in enterococci, predominantly Enterococcus faecium, developed in the latter half of the 1980s, and the long anticipated development of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus has now occurred. A number of vancomycin-intermediate strains have been described, and these strains have abnormal, thickened cell walls in the presence of vancomycin. Two mechanisms of resista...

Neonatal sepsis is common and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Vancomycin is the preferred treatment of several neonatal staphylococcal infections. The aim of this study was to review published data on vancomycin pharmacokinetics in neonates and to provide a critical analysis of the literature. A bibliographic search was performed using PubMed and Embase, and articles with a publica...

BACKGROUND Reports have found a link between vancomycin treatment failure in methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections (BSIs) and higher vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), despite MICs being below the susceptibility breakpoint of 2 μg/mL. Consensus guidelines recommend considering use of alternative agents for infections involving a higher vanco...

OBJECTIVE Clostridium difficile is a major cause of nosocomial infectious diarrhoea. Treatment of C. difficile infection (CDI) depends on disease severity. A combination of vancomycin and metronidazole is often recommended in severe cases. The aim of this study was to examine, in a murine model of CDI, if mice treated with a combination of vancomycin and metronidazole had a better clinical outc...

Ceftobiprole is a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin that binds with high affinity to PBP 2a, the methicillin-resistance determinant of staphylococci, and is active against methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Ceftobiprole was compared to vancomycin in a rabbit model of methicillin-resistant S. aureus aortic valve endocarditis. Ceftobiprole and vancomycin were equally ef...

Vancomycin and cholestyramine have been utilized both alone and in combination for the treatment of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Previous work for the treatment of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Previous work has demonstrated significant binding of vancomycin by the anion-exchange resin. The antibacterial activity of vancomycin was markedly reduced when the s...

In the last decade, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has reached an epidemic state with increasing incidence and severity in both health care and community settings. Vancomycin is an important first-line therapy for CDI, and the emergence of resistance would have significant clinical consequences. In this study, we describe for the first time a vanB2 vancomycin resistance operon in C. diff...

Background. Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) programs are growing as a cost-effective, safe, and practical way to treat patients with complicated infections outside of the hospital. The guidelines for therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin state that there is minimal difference in incidence of toxicity between vancomycin and beta-lactams. However, there are few studies describin...

The draft genomes of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) strain MM66 and MM66 isolates demonstrating altered vancomycin resistance levels were produced in an effort to provide information on mutations contributing to the vancomycin resistance levels observed in these strains.