High-strength bolts are widely used in structural connections, and the preload affects failure behavior of bolts. In this paper, a variable cross-section bolt (VCSB) with weakened strength to induce fracture is designed. Quasi-static tensile experiments different torque values were performed on VCSB. The torques 0, 430, 610, 820 N·m applied VCSB connection structures before test. load–displacem...

The interaction of elementary waves for isentropic flow in a variable cross-section duct is obtained (\cite{ShengZhang}). authors have discussed rarefaction wave or shock interacts with stationary wave. In this paper, we extend their results to the nonisentropic flow. It can be proved that if one changes $(u,\rho)$ plane $(u,p)$ case, moved parallel from case when contact discontinuity involved...