Many techniques of functional data analysis require choosing a measure of distance between functions, with the most common choice being L2 distance. In this article we show that using a weighted L2 distance, with a judiciously chosen weight function, can improve the performance of various statistical methods for functional data, including k-medoids clustering, nonparametric classification, and ...

Adaptive phenotypic plasticity is a key component of the ability of organisms to cope with changing environmental conditions. Fish have been shown to exhibit a substantial level of phenotypic plasticity in response to abiotic and biotic factors. In the present study, we investigate the link between environmental sensitivity assessed globally (revealed by phenotypic variation in body weight) and...

This quasi-experimental mixed methods study examined the use of ereaders during guided reading instruction and its impact on 5th grade students’ reading motivation, attitude toward reading, and reading comprehension. For 10 weeks, 19 students received guided reading instruction by means of the traditional paper/text format, while 16 students received guided reading instruction by means of e-rea...

This article concerns the power of various data analytic strategies to detect the effect of a single genetic variant (GV) in multivariate data. We simulated exactly fitting monozygotic and dizygotic phenotypic data according to single and two common factor models, and simplex models. We calculated the power to detect the GV in twin 1 data in an ANOVA of phenotypic sum scores, in a MANOVA, and i...

Many measures, particularly the coefficient of variation (CV) and Hoover concentration index (CI), have been used in the study of regional inequality. However, opposite results are often obtained from different quantitative measures which are supposedly showing the same pattern of regional inequality. This paper employs Jiangsu province in P.R. China as a case study to explain how two measures,...

We investigate the dynamic behavior of service-oriented supply chains by developing a two-stage serial capacity management model. Reflecting the reality of many service (and custom manufacturing) supply chains, each stage holds no finished goods inventory, but rather only backlogs that can be managed solely by adjusting capacity. Using control theory, we develop an optimal policy that trades of...

BACKGROUND The neural correlates of working memory (WM) impairment in schizophrenia remain a key puzzle in understanding the cognitive deficits and dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex observed in this disorder. We sought to determine whether patients with schizophrenia exhibit an alteration in the inverted-U relationship between WM load and activation that we recently observed in heal...

purpose: to investigate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (nahco3) on exhaustive activity and physiological parameters of fatigue in conscripts. materials and methods: thirty conscripts did wingate test in two groups: sodium bicarbonate group (treatment) and placebo (control) group. in both groups, sodium bicarbonate (0.3 g/kg of body mass) or placebo was ingested 60 minutes before the training...

The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) represents the most significant climatic event since the emergence of anatomically modern humans (AMH). In Europe, the LGM may have played a role in changing morphological features as a result of adaptive and stochastic processes. We use craniometric data to examine morphological diversity in pre- and post-LGM specimens. Craniometric variation is assessed across f...