Many pathogenic microbes have multiple virulence factors that can cause damage to the host and thus contribute to an overall virulence phenotype for that organism. Although current techniques are suitable for demonstrating that a particular microbial characteristic contributes to virulence, no formal approach for defining the relative contributions of multiple virulence factors to overall virul...

Brine shrimp are aquatic crustaceans belonging to a genus of Artemia. This organism is widely used for testing the toxicity of chemicals. In this study, brine shrimp were evaluated as an infection model organism to study bacterial virulence. Artemia nauplii were infected with various pathogenic bacteria, such as Vibrio vulnificus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Staphylococc...

In recent years, the role of bacterial sRNAs in adversity tolerance and pathogens has attracted increasing attention. A great number virulence-related were reported a variety human pathogens. However, only few from aquatic reported. our previous study, novel sRNA, sR158, was identified Edwardsiella piscicida, an important pathogen, but its function remains unknown. same we also type II TA syste...

In fish, bacteriosis has been widely linked with Aeromonas species, but co-infection by these bacteria little addressed. The aims of this study were to report on an outbreak disease in pirarucu Arapaima gigas caused and investigate experimental characterize resistance profile, virulence factors phenotypic molecular differentiation. Fish samples clinical signs collected used co-infection. bacter...

The increase in multidrug-resistant pathogens has created new anti-pathogenic and anti-virulence compounds. This is because of the behavioural changes bacteria acquire, such as increased antibiotic resistance virulence capacity. social behaviour maintained through a signalling transduction pathway called Quorum sensing. present study aims to evaluate inhibition quorum sensing Bacillus subtilis ...

The aim of this study was to assess the existence of possible cross-protection between Trypanosoma congolense strains of low and extreme virulence circulating in the same trypanosomiasis focus. Groups of six mice were infected using one of three strains of low virulence and challenged with one of three strains of extreme virulence. A group of six mice was used as control for each strain of low ...

background and purpose: today, treatment of life-threatening fungal infections, caused by candida species, has become a major problem. in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antifungal susceptibility patterns of different clinical candida isolates, determine the virulence factors in multi-drug resistant (mdr) candida species, and assess the anti-biofilm activity of elettaria cardamomum ...

the objective of this study was to investigate the genotypic characteristics of campylobacter isolates in shiraz, iran. a total of 40 campylobacter isolates including 20 c. jejuni and 20 c. coli were recovered from both cattle and sheep faeces by cultivation methods. the isolates were identified on the basis of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detection of 16srrna and multiplex pcr to determine ...

background: escherichia coli is the most causative agent of urinary tract infections (utis). apart from all human infectious diseases, uti have a high prevalence and in most cases, escherichia coli is a dominance bacterium which can cause pyelonephritis and cystitis. the aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of some virulence genes expressing fimbriae, production of hemolysin and aer...