background and aims: the caspases are unique proteases that mediate the host cell apoptosis during viral infection. in this study, we identified the caspase cleavage motifs of h5n1 and h9n2 influenza viruses isolated during 1998-2012. materials and methods: amino acid sequences of the eleven proteins encoded by the viruses as the caspase substrates downloaded from ncbi. the caspase cleavage mot...

objectives we assessed the prevalence of three common viruses including; respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human rhinovirus (hrv), and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), in children with acute wheezing. patients and methods ninety six wheezy children, 48 males (50%) and 48 females (50%)under the age of 5 years, were enrolled in the study. all patients visited as outpatients or inpatients when refer...

background and objectives: to determine the potential circulation of avian influenza viruses among different captive bird species, molecular surveillance was conducted at tehran zoo, saiee park and pardisan park of tehran, iran. these places are at risk for spread and transmission of influenza virus because of bird species diversity and close contact of birds with humans. materials & methods: d...

  Avian Influenza (AI) is a viral respiratory disease of domestic and wild birds. In the diagnostic laboratory, it is essential to have methods for rapid detection of avian respiratory viruses. Cloacal swabs collected from chickens experimentally infected with H9 subtype AI virus, used in a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detection of AI. In infected animals, ...

Background: Avian rotaviruses are one of the important agents of enteritis in birds and have a worldwide distribution. These viruses have an important role in runting and stunting syndrome in chickens. Objectives: The aim of this study was detection and molecular characterization of avian rotaviruses in broiler farms in Guilan province. Methods: In this study, 100 samples were collected on diff...

background and objectives: a number of different subtypes of avian influenza (ai) viruses have emerged in humans includingh5n1, h7n2, h7n7 and h9n2. these influenza viruses are excreted in the infected birds and in their respiratory secretions.the aim of this study was to investigate seropositivity against h9n2 and h7n7 viruses among poultry and slaughterhouse workers with occupational risk of ...

Background and Aims: Influenza A virus subtype H9N2 have continued to circulate in domestic poultry farms in Asia since 1998. The virus circulates in live bird markets, missing link in epidemiology of avian influenza. Regarding previous studies on H9N2 viruses of Iran and having no data on this subject in Iranian live bird markets this study was conducted to analyze genetically hemagglutinin pr...

The aim of this study was to provide information on the molecular characteristic and the phylogenic relationship of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBV) strains in Bushehr province in comparison to other strains reported in the Middle East. Samples were collected from broiler flocks in Bushehr province during 2014 - 2015. These flocks had respiratory problems such as gasping, sneezing and bronch...