this study aims to compare the effects of four types of ffi on second language vocabulary learning. to do so, the study adopted a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design, including five groups, each receiving a distinct treatment. the participants were 80 fourth-grade male students ranging in age from 17 to 19. before the treatment phase, the participants took a researcher-made test of vocab...

the main purpose of this semi - experimental study was to examine the effects of rehearsal strategies training on second language vocabulary learning . in particular , four training methods were examined : ( a ) vocal rehearsal , ( b ) subvocal rehearsal , ( c ) vocal and subvocal rehearsal, and ( d ) no rehearsal . one hundred and sixty - two undergraduate freshmen ( four intact classes from f...

Learners sometimes have incoherent and fragmented intuitive prior knowledge that is (partly) "incompatible" with the to-be-learned contents. Such knowledge in pieces can cause conceptual disorientation and cognitive overload while learning. We hypothesized that a pre-training intervention providing a generalized schema as a structuring framework for such knowledge in pieces would support (re)or...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the pursuit of achievement goals in medical students and to assess the relationship between achievement goals, learning strategy, and motivation. METHODS Two hundred seventy freshman and sophomore premedical students and sophomore medical school students participated in this study, which used the Achievement Goals Scale and the Self-Regulate...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of blended learning and multimedia software on iranian esp students' vocabulary learning. to this end, 120 iranian esp learners were assigned to two groups: the experimental and control groups. the experimental group received instructions through multimedia software while the control group received traditional instructions. the data were c...