Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are commonly used in smart grids. Voltage deviation or imbalance among cells generally exists multi-cell battery packs. This work presents a study of the voltage deviation-related phenomena observed during operation grid-tied BESS, Willenhall Energy Storage System (WESS), including changes full range cycle and cut-off mechanism activated by it. Electroimpe...

This study addresses a shuffled frog leaping algorithm for solving the multi-objective reactive power dispatch problem in a power system. Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD) is formulated as a nonlinear, multimodal and mixed-variable problem. The intended technique is based on the minimization of the real power loss, minimization of voltage deviation and maximization of the voltage stability...

This paper presents a distributed hierarchical control framework to ensure reliable operation of dc microgrid (MG) clusters. In this hierarchy, primary control is used to regulate the common bus voltage inside each MG locally. An adaptive droop method is proposed for this level, which determines droop coefficients according to the state-of-charge (SOC) of batteries automatically. A small-signal...

Single-phase squirrel cage and three-phase induction electromotors are the most popular electromotors used in industry from long ago. When an induction motor starts with direct connection method, it takes a lot of current from the power supply (several times the nominal current); so, several methods have been devised to start such electromotors. These methods either reduce the voltage of the st...

In this article, we describe the fabrication of a monolithically integrated 1 12 array of GaInAs/InP planar photodiodes, which has highly uniform characteristics in dark current, capacitance and crosstalk capacitance, quantum efficiency, and the frequency bandwidth at 3-dB reduction with a deviation of 1%. Besides, each diode on the array exhibits an extremely low dark current of 75 pA, a low c...

Power quality is the major focus of progressive nations.In the era of smart grid,power quality receives a lot of thrust at all voltage levels namely,medium ,high and low.The objective of this paper is to present a simple and cost effective method of sag detection and mitigation in three phase systems at the consumer's end. The use of the concept of space vector representation of three phase qua...

The paper describes the use of neural network as a component of measuring set for error reduction (nonlinearity). The scope of interest is elastomagnetic sensor used for measuring of massive pressure force (of range about 200 kN). Nonlinearity and hysteresis errors are main limitations of elastomagnetic sensor use. The hysteresis causes ambiguity of transfer characteristic and with it related i...

A new formulation of bi-objective optimization for the general capacitor placement and sizing problem is presented. The objectives include energy loss reduction, investment cost minimization, and maximum voltage deviation improvement. The operating and expansion constraints of the system are considered for practical needed. Also, both fixed and switched types of capacitors are included. A parti...

Propose: Standard electroporation and electrochemotherapy caused the endothe- lial cell permeability and reduction in tumor blood flow. The effects of low voltage and high frequency electroporation on the endothelial cells permeability and viability were expected. Therefore, the propose of present study was to evaluate the effect of electroporation with bleomycin or alone on viability and perme...