The aftermath of the HIV and AIDS pandemic has resulted in great suffering in terms of loss of income, poor quality of life, morbidity and mortality, with children being destitute and orphaned at an alarming rapid rate. Families and communities are currently unable to cope with the effects of HIV and AIDS with special emphasis on the care and support of the affected orphans and vulnerable child...

57 As we have seen at the beginning of the Great Recession, the household sector of an economy played a central role in the financial (in)stability that developed after the bust of the housing bubble in the U.S.A. (see e.g. Acharya et al., 2009; Claessens et al., 2010). Debelle (2004) had already pointed out that it is the distribution of debt that needs to be analyzed to investigate the effect...

INTRODUCTION Inequities in a population in spending on food and non-food items can contribute to disparities in health status. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) was launched in rural India in 2006, aimed at providing at least 100 days of manual work to a member in needy households. METHODS We used nationally representative data from the consumer expenditu...

Rural households in Nigeria are vulnerable to shock because of their limited capacity to make informed decision on secured coping strategies which is further aggravated by some households’ specific socio-economic characteristics. Attempts were made to identify shocks being faced by households’ heads and coping strategies. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 80 respondents and well ...

Background and Aim: Family female heads are one of the most vulnerable groups in the society and empowering them is essential. This research was a systematic study to design and develop a model of educational needs of female heads in the female-headed households. Materials and Methods: This study was a qualitative applied research of a research synthetic type conducted using content-analysis ...

High income risk is part of life in developing countries. Climatic risks, economic fluctuations, but also a large number of individual-specific shocks make these households vulnerable to serious hardship. For example, details are given on the various shocks and events causing serious hardship to rural households in Ethiopia in the last twenty years. Not surprisingly for Ethiopia, climatic event...

This paper examines if welfare programs reduce the probability that vulnerable households experience food deprivation because of financial constraints. Although the 1996 welfare reform legislation specifically limited the eligibility of immigrant households to receive assistance, many states chose to protect their immigrant populations by offering state-funded aid to these groups. I exploit the...

T he migration of labor across international boundaries has increased rapidly since 1990. More than 190 million individuals now live outside the countries of their birth, and the majority of migrants leave developing countries for countries with higher living standards than those of their home countries. Remittance flows have risen quickly over the same time frame, and in 2007 aggregate officia...

HIV/AIDS has been described as a household shock distinct from others faced by rural households. This study examines this characterisation by analysing the impact of an adult HIV/AIDS-related death on household food security, compared with households experiencing either no mortality or a sudden non-HIV/AIDS adult death. The research is based in the Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance ...