Inducible heat shock proteins (Hsps) are upregulated in the central nervous system in response to a wide variety of injuries. Surprisingly, however, no coherent picture has emerged regarding the magnitude, duration and cellular distribution of inducible Hsps in the visual system following injury to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The current study sought, therefore, to achieve the following two ...

A 1.3-year-old Great Dane dog had a chronic progressive neurologic disease clinically expressed as a distal symmetrical polyneuropathy characterized by weakness and bilateral atrophy of bulbar and distal appendicular musculature. Qualitative and quantitative studies showed neurogenic atrophy of muscles below the elbow and stifle. There was Wallerian-type degeneration, Schwann cell proliferation...

In the baboon, acrylamide produces a clinical illness characterized by weakness and ataxia of the limbs, weakness of bulbar muscles, and finally tetraplegia. Histological examination shows extensive involvement of peripheral nerves, the main histological change being a Wallerian type of degeneration affecting the distal ends of the largest diameter nerve fibres. The phenomenon of `dying back' h...

There is growing evidence that galectin-1 (GAL-1) and galectin-3 (GAL-3) are involved in the process of axonal regeneration after injury and the pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathies, but the precise roles of these galectins in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) remain unclear. In this paper, we summarized the distribution and possible functions of GAL-1 and GAL-3 in the PNS at mature stages...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke occurs in > or =1:4000 births. Many children experience motor deficits but acute predictors of outcome are lacking. Diffusion-weighted MRI changes in descending corticospinal tracts remote from arterial ischemic stroke may represent pre-Wallerian degeneration. We verify and quantify this signal and correlate it with motor outcome. METHO...

ONE of the phenomena of Wallerian degeneration in peripheral nerves is the formation of new endoneurial collagen. In a previous paper (Abercrombie and Johnson, 1946). we estimated the amount of collagen formed in degenerating sciatic nerves of rabbits during various periods up to two hundred. days after the nerves had been severed. We found that significant amounts of collagen are formed during...

BACKGROUND Mice expressing fluorescent proteins in neurons are one of the most powerful tools in modern neuroscience research and are increasingly being used for in vivo studies of neurodegeneration. However, these mice are often used under the assumption that the fluorescent proteins present are biologically inert. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we show that thy1-driven expression of y...

Macroautophagy is a catabolic process, in which portions of cytoplasm or organelles are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. Emerging evidence has indicated a pathological connection between axonal degeneration and autophagy. However, the physiological function and induction mechanism of autophagy in axons remain elusive. We herein show that, through activation of BECLIN1, glycogen synthase ...