There is a concern that mismanagement of medical waste in developing countries may be a significant risk factor for disease transmission. Quantitative estimation of medical waste generation is needed to estimate the potential risk and as a basis for any waste management plan. Dhaka City, the capital of Bangladesh, is an example of a major city in a developing country where there has been no rig...

The term “biomedical waste” has been defined as “any waste that is generated during diagnosis, treatment or immunisation of human beings or animals, or in the research activities pertaining to or in the production or testing of biological and includes categories mentioned in schedule I of the Government of India’s Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 1998”. 1 With the increasing hea...

This paper presents findings of a study, which was carried out in Dar es Salaam city to assess postprivatisation of solid waste collection and disposal. Prior to the assessment, fieldwork studies indicated that current solid waste generation rate in the city is 0.4 kg/cap/day and total waste generation is within the range of 2425 tons/day. This study also indicated that out of the total waste g...

Electronic  waste  or  E-waste  is  relatively  a  novel  addition  to  the  ever-growing  hazardous waste stream. It includes discarded electronic and electrical equipment. Developing countries face enormous challenges which are related to the generation and management of E-waste which are either internally generated or imported illegally; India is no exception. However, the existing managemen...

Tehran, the capital city of Iran and a metropolis with a population of 8.2 million and containing 2.4 million households, generated 2,626,519 tons of solid waste in 2005. The present study is aimed at evaluating the generation, characteristics and management of solid waste in Tehran. Municipal solid waste comprises more than 97% of Tehran's solid waste, while three other types of solid waste co...

Successful planning of a solid waste management system depends critically on the prediction accuracy of solid waste generation. But the prediction condition of generation trend in many developing countries is quite different from those in developed countries. The lack of sampling and analysis in many developing countries due to insufficient budget and unavailable management task force has resul...

In this paper, a new activity-based method for the concurrent assessment and tracing of costs, energy consumption and waste generation for usage in Life-Cycle Design is presented. The method is based on Activity-Based Costing (ABC). By utilizing ABC we are able to assess and trace accurately overhead and direct costs, energy and waste generation.. The inherent uncertainty is modeled in terms of...

7 Abstract 8 An existing materials flow model is adapted (using ExcelTM and AMBERTM model platforms) 9 to account for waste and hidden material flows within a domestic environment. Supported by 10 national waste data, the implications of legislative change, domestic resource depletion and 11 waste technology advances are explored. The revised methodology offers additional 12 functionality for e...

population growth and consequently increasing waste are made concern about resources degradation. thus, municipal solid waste management (mswm) becomes a priority for experts in recent decades. to apply new technology in mswm and engineering methods is the base of determining strategies, health and environmental policies. mswm is included some factors such as waste generation, collection, trans...

Food waste from households contributes the greatest proportion to total food waste in developed countries. Therefore, food waste reduction requires an understanding of the socio-economic (contextual and behavioural) factors that lead to its generation within the household. Addressing such a complex subject calls for sound methodological approaches that until now have been conditioned by the lar...