Conventional wastewater treatment, primary and secondary treatment processes with simultaneous phosphorus precipitation, is the most common process combination used in Finnish wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). It typically eliminates most of the organic load and phosphorus, as well as part of the enteric microorganisms present in raw wastewater. Municipal secondary effluents still contain so...

In this commentary, the process performance of natural rubber processing wastewater systems was evaluated and compared. The key factors evaluated in here comprised the following: the type of wastewater, the prevention of system clogging by coagulated rubber, and the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This commentary examined these variables in existing systems and in a pilot-scale rea...

Electrochemical technologies have proved to be useful for the treatment of wastewater, and recent years, there are growing interests in electrochemical treatment of the salty organic wastewater. The aim of this paper is to mainly present the source of the salty organic wastewater, the mechanism of direct and indirect oxidation process, and the research advances of electrochemical technologies i...

The activated sludge process is commonly used to treat wastewater by aerobic oxidation of organic pollutants into carbon dioxide and water. However, several nonoxidative mechanisms can also contribute to removal of organics. Sorption onto activated sludge can remove a large fraction of the colloidal and particulate wastewater organics. Intracellular storage of, e.g., polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)...

This review paper deals with the previous and current wastewater treatment plant modelling. The future of semantic modelling in a wastewater treatment plant through a new approach, Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), is introduced. AIS is still in the infant stage of soft computing. However, it has gained its popularity in the recent years, especially in prediction modelling. The first dynamic mod...

This paper employs the discrete choice experiment method to estimate the benefits of improved wastewater treatment programs to mitigate the impacts of water pollution in Nairobi, Kenya. Urban and peri-urban farmers who use wastewater for irrigation from Motoine to Ngong River in Nairobi were randomly selected for the study. A random parameter logit model was used to estimate the individual leve...

Wastewater microbiology http://uctm-biotechnology.org/Wastewater_Microbiology. pdf This site provides a link to a comprehensive book on wastewater microbiology with chapters on public health, general microbiology and fate of chemicals in wastewater. Wastewater microbiology: YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epAh6hHOq3c This YouTube video is well-made and informational. It is very useful to...

In this commentary, the process performance of natural rubber processing wastewater systems was evaluated and compared. The key factors evaluated in here comprised the following: the type of wastewater, the prevention of system clogging by coagulated rubber, and the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This commentary examined these variables in existing systems and in a pilot-scale rea...

In order to assessment of SDI system application in the condition of wastewater reuse, three treatments with three replications were design. These treatments included check treatment with drinking water (CH), surface drip irrigation with wastewater (DI) and subsurface drip irrigation with wastewater (SDI). In addition, before pipeline, a SDI filtration designed to improve biological index of wa...

housands of homes in the rural areas of the U.S., as well as many businesses, use onsite systems to treat their wastewater. This issue of Pipeline will examine problems associated with treating commercially-generated wastewater onsite. It will also suggest ways to treat nonresidential wastewater to an acceptable level. the concentration of various elements in the waste, is similar to residentia...