This paper investigates the optimal design of water distribution networks without storage capacity using mathematical optimization. Both micro-genetic algorithm and hydraulic simulation network are used to find diameters pipes network. The single-objective function optimization problem is total cost capital costs piping pump, operating under fulfillment minimum nodal pressure requirements. An m...

in order to prevent water losses through disposing hydrous sludge during treatment of water, also recovery and reuse of chemicals; treatment by magnesium carbonate as a coagulant was examined in batch and continuous systems. 600 mg/1 mgco3 as optimum dosage reduced 80% turbidity of a highly turbid water containing 200 ntu. sulfates decreased, but hardness and alkalinity showed some increases. r...

This study aims to design and build a water-chilling device for strawberry irrigation in low-land areas Malaysia. Strawberries possess better growth chilled environment. On that note, chilling thermoelectric known as the Peltier plate has been used this project, which follows an open-cycle system. process is cost-effective more convenient than other methods plantation, such providing air-condit...