The development of occupational therapy is rooted in early 20th century medical reform. During the early 1910s, several members of the medical profession, human service workers, and the larger American society were increasingly disturbed by medical practices that did not consider the individual's personal experience of disability. Occupational therapy was developed, in part, out of this desire ...

The electrochemical behavior of nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs), prepared by electroless plating of Au using microporous polycarbonate membranes as template, is tested in the ionic liquid [BMIm][BF4]. The accessible potential window is significantly wider in [BMIm][BF4] than in water, extending approximately, for 3.4 V vs. 1 V, respectively. The voltammetric behavior at NEEs of two redox probes,...

BACKGROUND In 2009, the Dutch Health Care Inspectorate (IGZ) observed several serious risks to safety involving medication within elderly care facilities. However, by 2011, high risks had been reduced in almost all the organisations we visited. And yet the IGZ analysed too the alarming increase in the number of incidents arising in the self-reported national indicator of medication safety betwe...

We examined the response of fishes to establishment of a new flow regime in lower Putah Creek, a regulated stream in California, U.S.A. The new flow regime was designed to mimic the seasonal timing of natural increases and decreases in stream flow. We monitored fish assemblages annually at six sample sites distributed over approximately 30 km of stream for eight years before and nine years afte...

The response of an ecosystem to external drivers may not always be gradual and reversible. Discontinuous and sometimes irreversible changes, called ‘regime shifts’ or ‘critical transitions’, can occur. The likelihood of such shifts is expected to increase for a variety of ecosystems, and it is difficult to predict how close an ecosystem is to a critical transition. Recent modelling studies iden...

A quatemary system made of an ionic surfactant (SDS), octanol, water and sodium chloride has been investigated. We present experimental results that demonstrate the existence of a phase of vesicles at thermal equilibrium. We show that vesicles can be prepared both in a dilute regime leading to an isotropic liquid phase of low viscosity and in a concentrated regime leading to a phase of close pa...