over the past few decades, several models such as the lp model have been used for managing watersheds and determining optimal cultivation pattern for agricultural planning. management and planning methods are the most important applied tools of management science for optimal allocating resources in order to gain the most profits in the different fields including natural resources, water resourc...

for any agency dealing with the design of the water distribution network, an economic design will be an objective. in this research, central force optimization (cfo) and differential evolution (de) algorithm were used to optimize ismail abad water distribution network. optimization of the network has been evaluated by developing an optimization model based on cfo and de algorithm in matlab and ...

this research was designed to evaluate and compare the applicability of two different types of irrigation including traditionally (surface irrigation) and simple sub-surface drip irrigation (using pricked-pipe covered with plastic cloth). two plots containing 39 pistachio trees with 720 m2 area were selected in rafsanjan, iran. both plots were irrigated using exactly the same quantity and quali...

dam reservoirs supplies water resources for drinking, agriculture, and industry almost in all parts of iran. lack of proper utilization rules and unbalanced demands versus available water has led to many problems regarding to ineffective use of the water resources. precipitation and flow rate are stochastic phenomena. therefore, multi-step processes related to the water use efficiency should be...

Hi-Desert Water District (HDWD), the primary water-management agency in the Warren Groundwater Basin, California, plans to construct a waste water treatment plant to reduce future septic-tank effluent from reaching the groundwater system. The treated waste water will be reclaimed by recharging the groundwater basin via recharge ponds as part of a larger conjunctive-use strategy. HDWD wishes to ...

abstract in present study, it has been studied to oprimize culture pattern in water consumption reduction and increase in income by use of collected data from kazeroon agriculture organization and forign commercial statistical annals and use of linear planning model due to simplicity and lts application, and to apply in water resources management. the purpose of this study had been to edit one ...

background: one of the key issues in determining the quality of water in rivers is to create a water quality control network with a suitable performance. the measured qualitative variables at stations should be representative of all the changes in water quality in water systems. since the increase in water quality monitoring stations increases annual monitoring costs, recognition of the station...

looking back into the past shows that iran has always been faced with water shortages, and this has not been a problem confined to a certain period or generation. therefore, proper attention to optimal use of water resources and a move towards sustainable use of extant water resources is indispensable. in this study, using multi period mathematical programming model, the effects of the two goal...