Neurons responsive to stimulation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region were recorded from superficial laminae at the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis/upper cervical cord (Vc/C(2)) junction region of cycling female rats under barbiturate anesthesia. To determine if receptive field (RF) properties or sensitivity to algesic chemicals of TMJ units vary over the estrous cycle, animals were sele...

1 I would like to thank the Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest (CGAP) for commissioning this paper as background material for the WDR 2000/01. Most of this work was carried out while working in BRAC's Research and Evaluation Division and as a doctoral student at Sussex. I am grateful for comments received from Mushtaque Chowdhury (LSE) on earlier versions of this work. I would like to tha...

Possible central mechanisms underlying the analgesic action of Ketorolac, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) have been investigated using an iontophoretic approach. We found that the excitation induced by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) on spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons was prevented, or reduced, by Ketorolac applied before or after the start of the NMDA ejection. The data sugge...

the grand challenge in global health is the inequality in mortality and life expectancy between countries and within countries. according to global health 2035, the lancet commission celebrating the 20th anniversary of the world development report (wdr) of 1993, the world now has the unique opportunity to achieve a grand convergence in global mortality within a generation. this article comments...

The grand challenge in global health is the inequality in mortality and life expectancy between countries and within countries. According to Global Health 2035, the Lancet Commission celebrating the 20(th) anniversary of the World Development Report (WDR) of 1993, the world now has the unique opportunity to achieve a grand convergence in global mortality within a generation. This article commen...

Rice is the staple food and rice production consumes about 50% of the fresh water resources in China. In addition, drought is one of the most important constraints in rice resulting in large yield losses and limiting the average yield increase of the country. There is an urgent need to enhance water-saving (W) capacity or drought resistance (DR) of rice. WDR varieties can be developed through i...

The ongoing deficit of fresh water resource in rice growing regions has made the selection of water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) a crucial factor in developing sustainable cultivation. HuHan2B, a new japonica maintainer for WDR breeding, had the same yield potential as recurrent parent HanFengB but showed improved drought resistance in fields. We investigated the genomic content acc...

INTRODUCTION Although burst spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been reported to reduce neuropathic pain, no study has explicitly investigated how the different parameters that define burst SCS may modulate its efficacy. The effectiveness of burst SCS to reduce neuronal responses to noxious stimuli by altering stimulation parameters was evaluated in a rat model of cervical radiculopathy. METHOD...

This research focuses on the role played by cultural norms in the long run persistence of gender inequalities. Cultural norms about gender roles are considered to be endogenous and can generate gender inequality and low development traps. Indeed, when the gender gap is internalized, it leads to inegalitarian views about gender roles. Due to these inegalitarian beliefs, boys receive more educati...

Although we recently reported that intravenous administration of resveratrol suppresses trigeminal nociception, the precise peripheral effect of resveratrol on nociceptive and non-nociceptive mechanical stimulation-induced trigeminal neuron activity in vivo remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether local subcutaneous administration of resveratrol attenuat...