In this paper, first we introduce the notions of k-nilpotent (solvable) ideals and BCK-algebras. Specially, show that every commutative ideal is 1-nilpotent (solvable). Second, state an equivalent condition to k-nilpotency (solvablity) BCK-algebra. Finally, study n-fold 2-nilpotent BCK-algebras as a generalization BCK-algebras, relation between these two concepts. Basically, compare solvable (B...

We introduce the notion of positive implicative ordered filters in implicative semigroups. We show that every positive implicative ordered filter is both an ordered filter and an implicative ordered filter. We give examples that an ordered filter (an implicative ordered filter) may not be a positive implicative ordered filter. We also give equivalent conditions of positive implicative ordered f...

Pseudo-BCK algebras were introduced by G. Georgescu and A. Iorgulescu as a generalization of BCK algebras in order to give a corresponding structure to pseudo-MV algebras, since the bounded commutative BCK algebras corresponde to MV algebras. Properties of pseudo-BCK algebras and their connections with other fuzzy structures were established by A. Iorgulescu and J. Kühr. The aim of this paper i...

We introduce the notion of n-fold implicative filters and n-fold implicative lattice implication algebras. We give characterizations of n-fold implicative filters and nfold implicative lattice implication algebras. Finally, we construct an extension property for n-fold implicative filter. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 03G10, 06B10.

The notions of bipolar fuzzy hyper MV-subalgebras, (weak) bipolar fuzzy hyper MV-deductive system and precisely weak bipolar fuzzy hyper MV-deductive system are introduced, and their relations are investigated. Characterizations of bipolar fuzzy hyper MV-subalgebras and weak bipolar fuzzy hyper MV-deductive systems are provided.

We study the soft sets applied on the structure of filters of BCK-algebras. A connection between soft BCK-algebras and filteristic soft BCK-algebras is given also. Finally, important operations such as intersection, union, “AND”, “OR”, and subset operations of soft filters and filteristic soft BCK-algebras are investigated.

The concepts of (∈,∈ ∨ q)-fuzzy (implicative, positive implicative and fantastic) filters of BL-algebras are introduced and some related properties are investigated. Some characterizations of these generalized fuzzy filters are derived. In particular, we describe the relationships among ordinary fuzzy (implicative, positive implicative and fantastic) filters, (∈,∈∨q)-fuzzy (implicative, positiv...

In this paper, by considering the notion of extended BCK-module, we define the concepts of free extended BCK-module, free object in category of extended BCK-modules and we state and prove some related results. Specially, we define the notion of idempotent extended BCK-module and we get some important results in free extended BCK-modules. In particular, in category of idempotent extended BCK-mod...

Based on Maxwellian quaternionic electromagnetic theory, the octonionic hyper-strong field, hyper-weak field and the quantum interplays can be presented by analogy with octonionic electromagnetic, gravitational, strong and weak interactions. In the hyper-weak field, the study deduces some conclusions of field source particles and intermediate particles which are consistent with Dirac equation, ...

It is evident from the definition that the class of all BCK-algebras is a quasivariety. Yet it is not a variety, nor does the largest subvariety of BCK exist—as shown in Wroński [2], Kabziński & Wroński [3], respectively. Several subvarieties of BCK have been isolated and thoroughly investigated, which has led to a substantial body of results (cf. e.g., Blok & Raftery [4]). Nevertheless, the qu...