In railway systems, layered structures could be induced in wheel–rail contact interfaces due to several causes, such as head hardening, work plastic deformation, and mechanical or thermal excursion-induced phase transformation. This study proposes an explicit finite element (FE) method for investigating elastic layer effects rolling contact. The proposed is first validated by comparing its solu...

Methods for multibody modelling and simulation should accurately replicate the dynamic behaviour of rail-wheel interface including precise values for wheel-rail contact positions. This paper studies the development of a novel 3-D wheel-rail contact model which is used for dynamic simulation of a suspended wheelset with parameters listed for a typical Mark IV coach. The contact point locations o...

Knowledge of the residual stress state in wheels resulting from manufacturing and subsequent service loading is useful for several practical reasons. The ability to estimate residual stress levels permits the tuning of manufacturing processes to control the magnitude and distribution of these stresses in new wheels in order to achieve safe performance in service. Similarly, understanding the re...

This paper investigates the rolling dynamics of spherical wheels using theoretical framework provided by brush models. The analysis is mainly conducted under assumption vanishing sliding inside contact patch. Different types kinematics are considered: simply wheels, and tilting, purely spinning. For first two cases, a complete solution derived concerning both steady-state transient behaviours. ...

The wake of an isolated, rotating wheel a geometry typical those used in open-wheel motorsport, is investigated. CFD validated by comparing the data gathered from this method with PIV wind tunnel experiments, where analysis showed good agreement between two methods. A comparison mean and instantaneous flow-fields obtained shows significant differences topology. time-averaged illustration flow i...

the track stiffness experienced by a train will vary along the track. sometimes the stiffness variation may be very large within a short distance. one example is when an unsupported sleeper is hanging in the rail. track stiffness is then, locally at that sleeper, very low. at insulated joints the bending stiffness of the rail has a discontinuity implying a discontinuity also of the track stiffn...

Background: Channa striatus or better known as the haruan fish is an indigenous, snakehead, striped, air breathing freshwater fish of Malaysia and has long been consumed traditionally during post-operative and post-partum period to speed recovery. Most medical properties of the haruan are contributed to its high content of essential fatty and amino acids. This was a phase I clinical trial to ex...

Results Seven of the 41 patients had positive reactions to textile related allergens on the screening or textile series and five were thought to be work-related. Four patients who were patch test positive with the textile series were also positive to relevant allergens on the screening series. Two patients with work-related textile dermatitis were patch test positive to the textile series but n...

It has been shown recently that the shimmy motion of towed wheels can be predicted in a wide range of parameters by means of the so-called memory effect of tyres. This delay effect is related to the existence of a travelling-wave-like motion of the tyre points in contact with the ground relative to the wheel. This study shows that the dynamics within the small-scale contact patch can have an es...