introduction shamal winds recognized as a climate regime with a common occurrence in the persian gulf makes periodically adverse weather conditions in this region. among the phenomena occurring under the influence of shamal wind, we can mention dust storms, low-level winds and turbulent marine conditions (rao, 2003). shamal winds are categorized into two types, winter shamal and summer shamal. ...

Abstract This study investigates the seasonal climatology of three-dimensional distribution and transport pathways dust aerosols over West Asia (WA). Dust column loading WA exhibits strong seasonality, with markedly high (weak) during summer (winter). The features include (i) reaching up to 500 hPa level between Red Sea (RS) west coast Indian subcontinent (IS); (ii) a slantwise advection 850 70...

This study investigates the climatology and variability of summer aerosol optical depth (AOD) over Arabian Peninsula (AP) using a long-term high-resolution Weather Research Forecasting model coupled with chemistry module (WRF-Chem) simulation, available ground-based satellite observations, reanalysis products from 2008 to 2018. The simulated spatial distribution AOD agrees well observations AP,...

The regional climate of the Arabian Gulf (AG) and its variability are examined based on a 40-year (1980–2019), 5-km reanalysis Peninsula (AP reanalysis). AP fields were first validated against available observations over AG, suggesting that this high-resolution well reproduces spatio-temporal features AG atmospheric circulations. then analysed to examine climatic characteristics including month...

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) in wave mode is a powerful sensor for monitoring the swells propagating across ocean basins. Here, we investigate crossing Indian Ocean using 10-years Envisat SAR archive spanning from December 2003 to April 2012. Taking benefit of unique “fireworks” analysis on observations, reconstruct origins and routes that are associated with swell pools Ocean. Besides, three...

introduction atmospheric processes and their interactions with ground surface responsible for formation and evolution of a heavy dust storm are important for identifying dust transport pathways. spatial and temporal distribution of middle eastern dust for a severe dust event during 4-8 july 2009 was analyzed by weather research and forecasting with chemistry (wrf/chem) model simulations, in-sit...

The Arabian Gulf (also known as Persian Gulf, hereafter Gulf) is a shallow semi-enclosed subtropical sea for its extreme physical environment. Recent observations suggest decline in oxygen concentrations the over past few decades accompanied by an expansion of seasonal near-bottom hypoxia. Here, we reconstruct evolution dissolved from 1982 through 2010 and explore controlling factors. To this e...