Background: Many older African Americans perceive “spirituality” as an important resource in helping with the self-management process of their chronic conditions. Research designs congruent with theoretical frameworks of African Americans are important. However, many researchers remain unfamiliar with Africana womanist thought or are unsure as to how this framework can be used to inform specifi...

The verb “to conjure” is a complex one, for it includes in its standard definition great range of possible actions or operations, not all them equivalent, even compatible. In most common usage, means to perform an act magic invoke supernatural force, by casting spell, say, performing particular ritual rite. But also influence, beg, command constrain, charm, bewitch, move convey, imagine, visual...

The present research tries to show how race, class, and gender and intersectionality in general, have their decisive impact on the black- American women; and how Alice Walker as a womanist, in her selected short stories, tries to show that black women in the U.S. suffer two-fold acts of oppression and discrimination, i.e. male violence affects all women in social life, irrespective of age or so...

In 1851, during the Women's Convention in Akron, Ohio, Sojourner Truth, 1992Truth S. Truth: Ain't I a woman?. Scholastic, New York1992Google Scholar to explain how her Blackness resulted differential treatment as woman United States. famous speech at 1964 Democratic National Convention, Fannie Lou Hamer heavily sighed “I'm sick and tired of being tired” (2011) when she described violence target...