Heat treatment is an eco-friendly and efficient way to improve the defective properties of wood, such as its hygroscopic nature, lack dimensional stability, low resistance against biological degradation, produce a green sustainable wood material for construction buildings. However, these treatments alter substrates could influence performance coating products necessary maintain surface features...

This research was conducted in the west forest of Guilan, northern Iran. Data from various harvesting methods for 20 years were collected. Results showed that, productivity rate of round wood, pulp wood and fuel wood has had an upward trend, while rate of traditional products (lumber, sawn wood, charcoal, etc.) has had a downward trend. Production cost has been investigated in this research. Th...

Article history: Received 28 January 2015 Accepted 25 February 2015 Available online 6 March 2015

Wood lithography is one of the oldest and most traditional techniques printmaking. In this technique, process coating an engraved design on a block wood with ink then transferring it to piece paper or cloth performed. This has been used by artists for centuries still popular printing technique today. However, development technology, also faced innovations. These innovations are intended help ma...

Brown discolouration caused by resin exudation from knots is a problem for range of light-coloured painted pines, and will negatively affect the appearance finish. To solve this problem, hot-and-cold bath impregnation process wood prior to painting was tested. Sawn timber, 18 × 120 mm in cross-section dimension, were heated an oven then immediately immersed cold liquid containing phenol-formald...

Polystyrene (PSt) microspheres were used to construct rainbow-like, seven-colored structural color coatings on wood surfaces by analyzing how the amount of emulsifier SDBS and emulsion polymerization temperature affected particle size monodispersity microspheres. The influence both self-assembled coating reflected spectrum was investigated. It found that most monodisperse PSt obtained when usin...

We analyzed the characteristics of sounds generated by local taps on a violin top plate. examined gravitational center frequency spectrum tapping and investigated its distribution over The results showed that three categories violins, with two violins in each category, had similar within categories. plates made after 19th century northern Italy high centroid around f-holes, tops older Italian b...

Many factors affect the driving force of fungal growth and secretion. To compare differences Lasiodiplodia theobromae infected poplar wood, changes physical chemical properties vertically horizontally wood before after dyeing were analyzed, infection characteristics studied in this paper. The horizontal was more effective than vertical terms depth, color microscopic hyphal invasion. mycelium fi...