this research was conducted in the west forest of guilan, northern iran. data from various harvesting methods for 20 years were collected. results showed that, productivity rate of round wood, pulp wood and fuel wood has had an upward trend, while rate of traditional products (lumber, sawn wood, charcoal, etc.) has had a downward trend. production cost has been investigated in this research. th...

Environmentally friendly composites continue to be developed from kapok tree fiber (Ceiba pentandra) with an epoxy matrix. This study aims characterize the tensile behavior of single and its composite, pull-out properties fiber, morphology fiber. Kapok fibers were varied in NaOH solution AESO polymer. Single test pull out refer ASTM D3379-75 E399 standards, respectively. The composite manufactu...

Previous work at the University of New Mexico and elsewhere has shown that sulfate-reducing bacteria are capable of reducing uranium from the soluble +6 oxidation state to the insoluble +4 oxidation state. This chemistry forms the basis of a proposed ground water remediation strategy in which microbial reduction would be used to immobilize soluble uranium. One such system would consist of a sub...

The investigation of explosive nuclear burning in astrophysical environments is a challenge for both theoretical and experimental nuclear physicists. Highly unstable nuclei are produced in such processes which again can be targets for subsequent reactions. The majority of reactions can be described in the framework of the statistical model (compound nucleus mechanism, Hauser–Feshbach approach),...

nanostructured alumina thin films were coated on stainless steel by sol-gel dip coating method. in order to prevent crack formation, al2o3 films were kept in a solvent bath immediately after coating to reduce the rate of drying. effects of calcination temperature and withdrawal speed on structural properties were analyzed using xrd and sem. topography and thickness of coatings were analyzed by ...

In recent decades, coniferous façade boards from untreated wood have been used extensively without the use of biocides, flame retardants and weather protection coating systems. This work is focused on testing selected properties 4 softwoods - spruce, larch, pine Douglas fir exposed outdoors for 3, 6, 12 24 months during direct exposure. When to outdoor conditions, all species significantly chan...

the mean fiber length of three beech trees (fagus orientalis l.) at the lower and higher points (1% and 75% tree height) of the stem at an intermediate altitude (500-1000m) in the caspian forests in sari region were 1.36 and 1.22mm respectively, close to the values in three trees at high altitude (1000-1500m), that were found to be 1.39 and 1.36 mm. the mean fiber lengths of the whole stem, usi...

wood vinegar is the aqueous phase of the liquid produced during the slow pyrolysis of wood.it has the potential to be used as a pesticide against various weeds, insects and molluscs. due to divergentfeedstocks, pyrolysis processes and storing conditions, the chemical composition of wood vinegar variesbetween producers and time. the aim of our current study was to use the copse snail arianta arb...