The article is a lexical and historical-etymological study of the brykała/brykacz unit, recognized for example in ethnographic sources, as Krakow regionalism. author, reviewing various sources from linguistics, ethnography, history cultural history, well military, considers four aspects functioning this lexeme Polish language: semantic, geographical, social (first part article) etymological (se...

A Korean word can be ambiguously analyzed into a lot of interpretations because Korean is a highly innective and agglutinative language. Although conventional Korean morphological analyzers try to eliminate implausible interpretations by using various intra-word connectivity information, there are still some implausible interpretations which can not be eliminated. In this paper, we present a me...

Scientific realists are committed to the claim that scientific discourse should be interpreted realistically, so that theoretical terms are understood as putatively referring expressions that have putative reference to empirical entities. In order to argue against realistic interpretation, I draw on an episode from the history of chemistry. One of the hypothetical entities of late 18th century ...

We ask whether lexical hesitations in spontaneous speech tend to precede words that are difficult to predict. We define predictability in terms of both transition probability and entropy, in the context of an N-gram language model. Results show that transition probability is significantly lower at hesitation transitions, and that this is attributable to both the following word and the word hist...

The use of words is one of the most direct means of expressing thoughts and feelings. However, past studies have had limited success in correlating word use with personality. The purpose of the present study was to identify categories of word use relevant to personality using a broad range of personality data. Using data from 181 participants, the present study correlated word use within a 1-hr...

A 38-year-old right-handed male with no history of speech or language problems presented with neurogenic stuttering following an ischaemic lesion of the left thalamus. He stuttered severely in propositional speech (conversation, monologue, confrontation naming, and word retrieval) but only slightly in non-propositional speech (automatic speech, sound, word and sentence repetition, and reading a...

Robert K. Merton and Elinor Barber’s The Travels and Adventures of Serendipity (Englishlanguage translation 2004) is the history of a word and its related concept. The choice of writing a book about a word may surprise those who are not acquainted with Merton’s work, but certainly not those sociologists that have chosen him as a master. Searching, defining, and formulating concepts has always b...

Word prediction, or predictive editing, has a long history as a tool for augmentative and assistive communication. Improvements in the state-of-the-art can still be achieved, for instance by training personalized statistical language models. We developed the word prediction system Soothsayer.1 The main innovation of Soothsayer is that it not The system is available as an interactive demo at htt...