Climate forecasts predict an increase in frequency and intensity of wildfires. Associations between health outcomes and population exposure to smoke from Washington 2012 wildfires were compared using surface monitors, chemical-weather models, and a novel method blending three exposure information sources. The association between smoke particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and cardiopul...

BACKGROUND We describe a project to quantify the burden of heat and ozone on mortality in the UK, both for the present-day and under future emission scenarios. METHODS Mortality burdens attributable to heat and ozone exposure are estimated by combination of climate-chemistry modelling and epidemiological risk assessment. Weather forecasting models (WRF) are used to simulate the driving meteor...

Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is useful for forecasting typhoons as an external force of storm surge forecasts. This study examines the variation in typhoon forecasts caused by different choices arbitrary physics options WRF their influence on Eight frequently used combinations cloud microphysics planetary boundary layers were extracted via a review previous studies. Subsequently...

To study the meteorology and chemistry that is associated with the early stages of the North American Monsoon, the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) is applied for the first time at high resolution (4 km grid spacing, allowing for explicit representation of convection) over a large region (continental US and northern Mexico) for a multi-week (15 July to 7 ...

Abstract Air pollution, especially the particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) remains to be a severe problem for environmental managers and researchers because it causes many respiratory diseases even casualties huge economic losses. Therefore, is significant study distribution characteristics of regional PM analyze mutual influence relationship between some influencing factors including air humidity, wi...

Abstract. Concern about heavy precipitation events has increasingly grown in the last years southern Europe, especially Mediterranean region. These occasional episodes can result more than 200 mm of rainfall less 24 h, producing flash floods with very high social and economic losses. To better understand these phenomena, a correct identification origin moisture must be found. However, contribut...

The verification of a gridded forecast field, for example, one produced by numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, cannot be performed on a gridpoint-by-gridpoint basis; that type of approach would ignore the spatial structures present in both forecast and observation fields, leading to misinformative or noninformative verification results. A variety of methods have been proposed to acknowle...