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The main purpose of the study was to investigate the distinctness and reliability of analytic (or multitrait) rating dimensions and their relationships to holistic scores and e-rater essay feature variables in the context of the TOEFL computer-based test (CBT) writing assessment. Data analyzed in the study were analytic and holistic essay scores provided by human raters and essay feature variab...

A recent study on example-based learning revealed that instructional explanations provided in addition to self-explanation prompts can impair learning results. Additionally, Education students in different programs (didactically-oriented versus subject matter-oriented) differed in their learning outcomes. In this study we intended to find a favourable combination of instructional explanations a...

A new paradigm of voice prompted speaker recognition is presented. The vocal prompts that the speaker is asked to repeat are used by the speaker recognition system for segmenting the data and for normalizing the verification results. Using the vocal prompts themselves instead of the matching text makes the overall system more flexible and truly language independent. A technology demonstration s...

The current study examines the impact of students’ beliefs on using writing CF. By comparing contexts and investigating about written CF, this investigated topic from cognitive perspective social perspective. 163 university students at Khwaja Fareed UEIT, Pakistan were participants study. Students placed into three groups: direct, indirect metalinguistic CF (urban students) two direct (rural). ...

INTRODUCTION The identification of key factors influencing responses to prompts and reminders within a computer decision support system (CDSS) has not been widely studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate why clinicians routinely answer certain prompts while others are ignored. METHODS We utilized data collected from a CDSS developed by our research group--the Child Health Improvement th...

in expecting much from their joint labours. The work before us is divided into two portions, the first embracing the history, classification, statistics of insanity, is from the pen of Dr. Tuke; the remaining chapters, which treat of the diagnosis, pathology, and treatment of mental disorders, are by Dr. Bucknill. Our space will not allow us to do more than briefly refer to some of the more imp...

As if 2020 was not a peculiar enough year, its fifth month saw the relatively quiet publication of preprint describing most powerful natural language processing (NLP) system to date—GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer-3)—created by Silicon Valley research firm OpenAI. Though software implementation GPT-3 is still in initial beta release phase, and full capabilities are unknown as time thi...