BACKGROUND The language faculty is probably the most distinctive feature of our species, and endows us with a unique ability to exchange highly structured information. In written language, information is encoded by the concatenation of basic symbols under grammatical and semantic constraints. As is also the case in other natural information carriers, the resulting symbolic sequences show a deli...

PURPOSE To verify the interference of visual stimuli in written production of deaf signers with no complaints regarding reading and writing. METHODS The research group consisted of 12 students with education between the 4th and 5th grade of elementary school, with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss, users of LIBRAS and with alphabetical writing level. The evaluation was performed w...

The authors report on a gender priming experiment in German using typewritten language production in a picture naming task. The experiment was conducted with 20 native speakers of German with a wide range of typing skills. In the gender primed condition, gender information was provided by presenting and naming the definite German determiner before the picture naming task. The unprimed condition...

s. No studies have investigated whether the writing of certain transformations can predict comprehension of prose written in them. In studying this possibility, 90 subjects, 30 from each grade level, were asked to read three major prose forms, each written in three transformed versions, and to Reprints may be requested from Ronald V. Evans, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida. by gue...

Lexical selection-both during reading aloud and speech production-involves selecting an intended word, while ignoring irrelevant lexical activation. This process has been studied by the use of interference tasks. Examples are the Stroop task, where participants ignore the written color word and name the color of the ink, picture-word interference tasks, where participants name a picture while i...

In previous studies we could show that linguistic word structures correlate closely with the time course of written word production. In the present study we investigate whether there are also correlations between the syntactic structures of phrases and the time course of their production. Using the findings from a combination of keyboard and eye tracker data, this paper shows that our results b...

College students wrote definitions of either abstract or concrete nouns in longhand while performing a concurrent working memory (WM) task. They detected either a verbal (syllable), visual (shape), or spatial (location) stimulus and decided whether it matched the last one presented 15-45s earlier. Writing definitions of both noun types elevated the response time to verbal targets above baseline...

Persian  learners  of  English  often  avoid  attending  to  audience  considerations,  which  brings them  lower  scores.  The  present  study  was  conducted  in  a  major  university  in  Iran  to  help Persian learners develop a sense of audience awareness in writing. Thirty five Persian students of English  were trained  with a focus on process-oriented instruction. The intended task was a...