BACKGROUND The effectiveness of screening for lung cancer with chest radiography, sputum cytology or spiral CT has not been established. OBJECTIVES To determine whether screening for lung cancer using regular sputum examinations or chest radiography or CT chest reduces lung cancer mortality. SEARCH STRATEGY Electronic databases, bibliographies, hand searching of a journal and discussion wit...

X-ray betatron radiation is produced by oscillations of electrons in the intense focusing field of a laser-plasma accelerator. These hard x-rays show promise for use in femtosecond-scale time-resolved radiography of ultrafast processes. However, the spectral characteristics of betatron radiation have only been inferred from filter pack measurements. In order to achieve higher resolution spectra...

Background The use of shielding tools and X-ray beam collimator has extensively been advocated as effective methods to reduce radiation exposure to patients underwent radiological procedures. The aim of this study was to address the use of these protection measures during infant chest radiography. Material and Methods 348digital and/or analogue infant chest radiographs were reviewed that perfor...

Digital x-ray radiographic systems are desirable as they offer high quality images which can be processed, transferred, and stored without secondary steps. However, current clinical systems are extraordinarily expensive in comparison to film-based systems. Thus, there is a need for an economical digital imaging system for general radiology. The x-ray light valve (XLV) is a novel digital x-ray d...

OBJECTIVE To study an established triage nurse x ray requesting system to determine whether sending defined groups of patients for radiography before assessment by doctors or emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs) resulted in shorter waiting times for patients without compromising quality of care. METHODS Prospective randomised controlled study of "walking wounded" patients attending a district...

BACKGROUND Lumbar spine radiography has limited use in diagnosing the cause of acute low back pain. Consensus-based guidelines recommend that lumbar spine x-rays are not used routinely. However there have been no studies of the effect of referral for radiography at first presentation with low back pain in primary care. AIM To compare short and long-term physical, social, and psychiatric outco...

BACKGROUND Within the medical facilities provided by state healthcare services, a universally applied technique for patient diagnosis and treatment relies on ionising radiation; for example in radiotherapy and X-ray (ie. examination). Human exposure to such radiation is not however entirely free of associated health risks. OBJECTIVES To determine and estimate the numbers and types of X-ray ba...

INTRODUCTION In rural and remote parts of New South Wales (NSW) Australia, GPs and registered nurses who have completed a short course in basic radiography perform X-ray examinations when or where a radiographer is not available. This is a form of 'skills transfer'. They are licensed under the NSW Radiation Control Act 1990 to perform a limited range of examination types, providing a valuable s...

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based deep learning techniques have recently demonstrated increased potential and effectiveness in image recognition applications, such as those involving medical images. Deep-learning models can recognize targets with performance comparable to radiologists when used CXR. The primary goal of this research is examine a technique on the radiography dataset detec...