Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) the highly reactive coupling product of nitric oxide and superoxide, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of an increasing number of (inflammatory) diseases. At present, however, selective peroxynitrite antagonizing agents with therapeutic potential are not available. Therefore, the NADPH-oxidase inhibitor apocynin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-acetophenone) was tested for its...

BACKGROUND It has been reported that 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) aggravates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the exact mechanism of action is still unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiments were performed in isolated rat hearts subjected to 35 min of ischemia followed by 40 min of reperfusion in Langendorff preparations. Perfusion with HET0016, an inhibitor of 20...

Evidence is rapidly accumulating that low-activity-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases homologous to that in phagocytic cells generate reactive oxygen species as signaling intermediates in both endothelium and vascular smooth muscle. We therefore explored the possibility of such an oxidase regulating growth of airway smooth muscle (AWSM). Proliferation of human ...

Lysyl oxidase is a copper-dependent enzyme involved in extracellular processing of collagens and elastin. Although it is known that copper is essential for the functional activity of the enzyme, there is little information on the incorporation of copper. In the present study we examined the insertion of copper into lysyl oxidase using 67Cu in cell-free transcription/translation assays and in no...

3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(1H-indol-5-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole was synthesized via the condensation of 3,4-dichlorobenzamidoxime and methyl 1H-indole-5-carboxylate using a superbasic medium (NaOH/DMSO). The compound tested as potential inhibitor human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A B. It demonstrated notable inhibition with an IC50 value 0.036 μM for MAO-B isoform specificity. product characterized by 1H...

Recent studies suggested that endothelium is a main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the major source was via NADPH oxidase pathway. Various stimuli including lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a major component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), can enhance the activity of NADPH oxidase and lead to a marked ROS generation. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous n...

OBJECTIVE Insulin plays an important role in the hypothalamic control of energy balance, especially by reducing food intake. Emerging data point to a pivotal role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in energy homeostasis regulation, but their involvement in the anorexigenic effect of insulin is unknown. Furthermore, ROS signal derived from NADPH oxidase activation is required for physiological ins...

It is well established that tobacco smokers have reduced levels of monoamine oxidase activities both in the brain and peripheral organs. Furthermore, extensive evidence suggests that smokers are less prone to develop Parkinson's disease. These facts, plus the observation that inhibition of monoamine oxidase B protects against the parkinsonian inducing effects of the nigrostriatal neurotoxin 1-m...

Although anti-atherogenic effects of cilostazol have been suggested, its effects on the expression of SR in macrophages are unclear. This study investigated the role of cilostazol on CD36 expression of murine macrophages enhanced by HNE, a byproduct of lipid peroxidation. The stimulation of macrophages with HNE led to an increased expression of CD36, which was significantly attenuated by NAC, a...