The nite-temperature renormalization group is formulated via the Wilson-Kadanoo blocking transformation. Momentum modes and the Matsubara frequencies are coupled by constraints from a smearing function which plays the role of an infrared cutoo regulator. Using the scalar 4 theory as an example, we consider four general types of smearing functions and show that, to zeroth-order in the derivative...

A broadband zeroth-order resonant (ZOR) antenna based on asymmetric coplanar waveguide (ACPW) is presented. By adopting the epsilon negative transmission line (ENG-TL), a zeroth-order resonance mode can be achieved. We employ an asymmetric coplanar waveguide structure which offers the design freedom to realize the broadband ZOR antenna, where the antenna’s bandwidth is characterized by the equi...

This letter presents a near–far resistant detection scheme for asynchronous code-division multiple access with frequency offset. Based on a one-shot technique and Taylor expansion, a zeroth-order and a first-order one-shot linear decorreating detector (LDD) are proposed. The zeroth-order LDD has simple architecture but suffers performance degradation for large frequency offset. The first-order ...

A novel resonator using a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) is presented and its extraordinary resonant characteristics with an infinite-wavelength wave are discussed. The resonance corresponds to the zeroth-order on the analogy of the conventional mode numbering. The zeroth-order resonant characteristics and loss mechanism are fully described by the circuit theory and i...

4 Estimates 9 4.1 The zeroth order and volume estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2 A partial second order estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.3 Gradient estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.4 The second order estimates . . . . ....

In this paper, we develop a new iterative approach toward the solution of a class of two-agent dynamic stochastic teams with nonclassical information when the coupling between the agents is weak, either through the state dynamics or through the information channel. In each case, the weak coupling is characterized in terms of a small (perturbation) parameter. When this parameter value (say, E ) ...

In this paper, we answer the question under which conditions the porousmedium equation with convection and with periodic boundary conditions possesses gradient-type Lyapunov functionals (first-order entropies). It is shown that the weighted sum of first-order and zeroth-order entropies are Lyapunov functionals if the weight for the zeroth-order entropy is sufficiently large, depending on the st...

The discretisation of the gradient operator is an important aspect of finite volume methods that has not received as much attention as the discretisation of other terms of partial differential equations. The most popular gradient schemes are the divergence theorem (or Green-Gauss) scheme, and the least-squares scheme. Both schemes are generally believed to be second-order accurate, but the pres...

In this work we address the problem of convex optimization in a multi-agent setting where objective is to minimize mean local cost functions whose derivatives are not available (e.g. black-box models). Moreover agents can only communicate with neighbors according connected network topology. Zeroth-order (ZO) has recently gained increasing attention federated learning and scenarios exploiting fi...