Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and -β2 are correlated with poorer prognosis in gastric cancer (GC), which act in both tumor and immune cells. However, their expressions in precancer and tumor-cell interactions with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) remain unclear. Protein levels of TGF-β1 and -β2 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and corresponding mRNA levels were determine...

Although β1-adrenoceptor (β1-AR) signal transduction, which maintains cardiac function, is downregulated in failing hearts, the mechanisms for such a defect heart failure are not fully understood. Since hypertrophy invariably associated with failure, it possible that loss of β1-AR occurs due to hypertrophic process. In this regard, we have reviewed information from rat model adaptive and malada...

The integrin β1 subfamily of adhesion receptors consists of 12 members and forms the biggest subfamily among integrins. Human integrin subunit β1 has five cytoplasmic splice variants (β1A, β1B, β1C-1, β1-C2, β1D). Even though cytoplasmic splice variants do not change the ligand-specificity of a β1 integrin, clustering of these different splice variants triggers signaling pathways that lead to a...

RATIONALE Autoantibodies directed against the second extracellular loop of the cardiac β1-adrenergic receptor (β1-AR) are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and Chagas heart disease. Various approaches have been used to detect such autoantibodies; however, the reported prevalence varies largely, depending on the detection method used. OBJECTIVE We analyz...

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with a high morbidity and mortality, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that an immune mechanism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. We demonstrated previously that the long-term presence of autoantibodies against the second extracellular loop of the β1-adrenoceptor (β1-A...

BACKGROUND Endometriosis (EMs) is a common gynecological disorder characterized by endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Hypoxia induces the expression of many important downstream genes to regulate the implantation, survival, and maintenance of ectopic endometriotic lesions. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays a major role in the etiology of EMs. We aimed to determine whethe...

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and collagen type I (Col-1) serve a critical role in the development and progression of hypertrophic scarring (HS). The present study hypothesized that a post‑translational mechanism of microRNAs (miR) regulated the expression of TGF‑β1 and Col‑1 in HS fibroblasts (HSFBs). A collection of 20 HS tissues was compared with corresponding normal tissues from cl...

PURPOSE To evaluate the role of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) on the induced osteogenic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts. METHODS We performed four groups with cultured dermal fibroblasts according to the culture medium: CONTROL (DMEM culture medium); TGF-β1 (DMEM culture medium with 10 ng/ml of TGF-β1); OSTEOG (DMEM culture medium with 0.5 µg/ml of ascorbic acid, 10 m...

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in cancer metastasis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of heat treatment on tumor growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT in pancreatic cancer cells and tried to ascertain the mechanism related to any observed effects. Human pancreatic cancer cell lines (BxPC-3, PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2) were stimulated by TGF-β1, and evaluated for mo...