Oxidative stress and inflammation are two interrelated biological events implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced under oxidative stress play a key role in pathological conditions. Inhibition of p22phox, an indispensable component of the NADPH oxidase (NOX) complex comprising the main source of ROS, plays a protective role in many ocular conditions...

Objective(s): Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, possesses verified anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects against diabetic nephropathy. The present investigation aims to examine empagliflozin effects on the renal levels of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), a potent inflammatory cytokine, and its respective receptor toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) in ...

Liver inflammation is closely associated with metabolic syndrome. Oxidative stress plays a synergistic role in inflammation by activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling in the liver. Therefore, substantial efforts have been made to develop compounds that inhibit the generation of oxidative stress and activation of NF-κB. We synthesized twenty-six novel 5-(substituted benzyl)-2-oxo- an...

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder associated with chronic complications including a state of mild to moderate cognitive impairment, in particular psychomotor slowing and reduced mental flexibility, not attributable to other causes, and shares many symptoms that are best described as accelerated brain ageing. A common theory for aging and for the pathogenesis of this cerebral dysf...

Background: Sepsis is most likely to cause lung damage in patients, and the detection rate mortality are high. Here, we investigated expression of miR-20a sepsis-induced acute injury (ALI) rats its effect on inflammatory response, reveal possible molecular mechanism. Method: The model caused by sepsis was established cecal ligation puncture. tissue determined RT-qPCR. Acute were injected with 5...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of phycocyanin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and possible mechanisms involved.
 Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Sham group (only threading without ligation), IRI (myocardial injury group) (phycocyanin pretreatment + group). The heart was harvested cardiomyocytes isolated. Colorimetry used to determine ...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of sepsis. High-mobility group box (HMGB)-1 was implicated as a late mediator of lethal systemic inflammation in sepsis. Since glutamine (GLN) was shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, we hypothesized that GLN administration may downregulate an HMGB-1-mediated pathway and thus ameliorate sepsis-induced AKI. Mice were rando...

Selenium is a key component of many important enzyme systems, including the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family of enzymes. Glutathione peroxidases are primarily involved in repairing cell membranes damaged by lipid peroxidation caused by reactive oxygen species. The glutathione peroxidases may also have an anti-inflammatory role. Sepsis is known to cause a significant degree of oxidative stres...

Sepsis is a series of systemic inflammatory reactions induced by infection and trauma, which can cause significant organ damage. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), new alternative to therapy, long-term continuous external blood purification that lasts for 24 h. This procedure remove metabolic toxins mediators in the body, as well correct water electrolyte disorders acid-base immune im...

Dysregulation of the immuno-inflammatory response, as seen in sepsis, may culminate in host cell and organ damage. Lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacterial cell walls induces gene activation and subsequent inflammatory mediator expression. Gene activation is regulated by a number of transcription factors at the nuclear level, of which nuclear factor kappaB appears to have a central role....