Drosophila melanogaster is widely used to decipher the innate immune system in response to various pathogens. The innate immune response towards persistent virus infections is among the least studied in this model system. We recently discovered a picorna-like virus, the Nora virus which gives rise to persistent and essentially symptom-free infections in Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we have us...

The National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) was first established in 1996 by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and its partners as a framework to guide occupational safety and health research for the decade that followed. The process to develop NORA resulted in 21 research priorities, which can be found in the original document. NORA arose from the recogniti...

Title: Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Outcomes in a Canadian Health Care Environment: A Comparison with the U.S. Model Systems Database Primary Presenter: Nora K. Cullen List of Authors: Nora K. Cullen, Matthew McInnes, Kristine Kelly, Kattleya Tirona Affiliation: Toronto Rehabilitation Institute

This paper presents a novel approach for the synthesis of dynamic CMOS circuits using Domino and Nora styles. As these logic styles can implement only non-inverting logic, conventional logic design approaches cannot be used for Domino/Nora logic synthesis. To overcome this problem, we have used a new concept called unate decomposition of Boolean functions. The unate decomposition expresses a ge...

This study elucidated the role of boeravinone B, a NorA multidrug efflux pump inhibitor, in biofilm inhibition. The effects of boeravinone B plus ciprofloxacin, a NorA substrate, were evaluated in NorA-overexpressing, wild-type, and knocked-out Staphylococcus aureus (SA-1199B, SA-1199, and SA-K1758, respectively). The mechanism of action was confirmed using the ethidium bromide accumulation and...

Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide variety of infections worldwide. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus is one of most common causes of nosocomial and community acquired infections. The fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics that used to treat infections caused by S. aureus. Today, a significant increase in the rate of ciprofloxacin resistance in methicillin-resistant S. aureus str...

The sigma54-dependent transcriptional regulator NorR of Ralstonia eutropha H16 activates gene expression in response to nitric oxide (NO). The N-terminal domain of NorR is thought to be involved in signal perception. A C112S exchange within this domain abolished promoter activation by the mutated protein, indicating that Cys(112) is essential for the signalling mechanism of NorR. The DNA region...

NorA is a membrane-associated multidrug efflux protein that can decrease susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in Staphylococcus aureus. We have previously determined that NorA inhibition can increase fluoroquinolone killing activity and post-antibiotic effect. In the current investigation, we studied the killing activity and development of resistance for levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxaci...

The MIC of norfloxacin for the norA-disrupted mutant termed RDN1, obtained from quinolone-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus RN4220, was eightfold lower than that for RN4220. The increase in susceptibility was related to an increase of drug accumulation by RDN1. These results indicate that NorA plays an important role in the susceptibility of quinolone-susceptible S. aureus to selected quinolones.