The problem of eeciency and fairness of ABR (Available Bit Rate) traac with explicit rate marking is investigated from a control point of view. It is revealed that due to signiicant uncertainty on time delays in ABR traac and strong interaction among switches, ABR traac imposes a great challenge to control strategy development. Focusing on robustness of traac control and asymptotic fairness, we...

This paper discusses the role of parameters negotiated and used for ow control in the ATM ABR service, and gives guidelines for setting each parameter. The e ect of the speed of the links on the path from the source to the destination, and the round trip time of the connection, on the ABR parameter values is discussed. We also give simulation results to illustrate the e ect of various parameter...

AIM To determine Salmonella enterica serovars and antibiotic resistance (ABR) in the human waste stream. METHODS AND RESULTS Sampling of influent wastewater at municipal treatment plants in two California cities was performed by collecting composite samples, over a 24-h period, from the treatment plants on five to six occasions. Serial water quantities were filtered and cultured with a Salmon...

The Available Bit Rate (ABR) service has been developed to support data applications over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). It is hence interesting to study the performance of reliable data transport protocols like TCP over ABR. We study the eeect of running large unidirectional le transfer applications on TCP over ABR with an explicit rate algorithm (ERICA) implemented at the ATM switches. The...

AIM OF STUDY This study investigated the consistency in Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) waveform evaluations between two audiologists (inter-audiologist agreement) and within each of the audiologist (intra-audiologist agreement). METHODS Two audiologists from one of the audiology clinics in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia were involved in this study. Both audiologists were required to identify an...

The IEEE working group is currently standardizing a new media access control MAC protocol for the emerging Hybrid Fiber Coax HFC networks Crucial for the success of will be its ability to support higher layer tra c services namely ATM Constant Bit Rate CBR Variable Bit Rate VBR and Available Bit Rate ABR tra c classes In this study we investigate the interoperation of the MAC protocol de ned by...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the saccule exhibits temporary or permanent functional loss resembling threshold shifts in auditory brainstem response (ABR) of guinea pigs following noise exposure. DESIGN Randomly bred guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups: A (short-term noise exposure, 30 minutes, n = 15), B (long-term noise exposure, 40 hours, n = 9), and C (no noise exposure, n = 5). S...

We classified the results of preoperative auditory brainstem response (ABR) in 121 patients with useful hearing and considered the utility of preoperative ABR as a preliminary assessment for intraoperative monitoring. Wave V was confirmed in 113 patients and was not confirmed in 8 patients. Intraoperative ABR could not detect wave V in these 8 patients. The 8 patients without wave V were classi...