Nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous signaling molecule, is involved in various physiological processes and stress responses in plants. In the present research, Pyrodwarf pear (Pyrus communis) rootstocks were grown by nutrient solution to investigate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) application as an NO donor at 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM levels on plant stress tolerance, content of ma...

Objective(s): Alternative normalization methods were proposed to solve the biased information of SPM in the study of neurodegenerative disease. The objective of this study was to determine the most suitable count normalization method for SPM analysis of a neurodegenerative disease based on the results of different count normalization methods applied on a prepared digital phantom similar to one ...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the applicability of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) for analysing individual preoperative brain mapping studies in patients with cerebral mass lesions for neurosurgical planning. The study further investigated if hints on functional reorganisation processes can be found. METHODS Nine adult patients with cerebral mass lesions underwent activation [(15)O...

During embryogenesis, paraxial mesoderm cells contribute skeletal muscle progenitors, whereas cardiac progenitors originate in the lateral splanchnic mesoderm (SpM). Here we focus on a subset of the SpM that contributes to the anterior or secondary heart field (AHF/SHF), and lies adjacent to the cranial paraxial mesoderm (CPM), the precursors for the head musculature. Molecular analyses in chic...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk developing a second primary malignancy (SPM) in oral tongue cancer (OTC) patients, and identify characteristics survival outcomes OTC patients with an SPM. Patients first were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Result (SEER) database, further divided into only one (OOPM) group SPM group. Baseline between two groups compared. Further...

Although many psychometric tests, like Raven’s Progressive Matrices, are commonly evaluated according to total score, additional variables can lend insight into the underlying cognitive processes. We examine conceptual errors on the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) test. We present a complete classification of error types on the SPM using a two-kind coding scheme, yielding ≥ 95% inte...

Creative reasoning in ill-defined problem spaces operates differently from classical reasoning in well-defined spaces. To systematically compare the two in an identical knowledge domain, we applied a classical intelligence test: the Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM), in combination with two tests of creativity: the Test for Creative Thinking Drawing Production (TCT-DP) and the newly developed...

spm (Sand Pile Model) is a simple discrete dynamical system used in physics to represent granular objects. It is deeply related to integer partitions, and many other combinatorics problems, such as tilings or rewriting systems. The evolution of the system started with n stacked grains generates a lattice, denoted by SPM(n). We study here the structure of this lattice. We rst explain how it can ...

Since its conception, the scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has attracted increasing attention as a novel method that provides an outstanding capability for direct visualization of topological features and characterization of the local properties of organic thin films. While imaging mechanisms for organic molecules are still being debated, careful and credible studies have been performed enabling...